Nitric-oxide-mediated relaxations in salt-induced hypertension: effect of chronic beta1 -selective receptor blockade.
BACKGROUND : Nebivolol is a new beta1-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist with a direct vasorelaxant effect that involves activation of the l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway. Therefore, treatment with nebivolol may protect against endothelial injury in hypertension. OBJECTIVE : To investigate whether chronic selective beta1-blockade with nebivolol could prevent endothelial dysfunction in salt-induced hypertension, and to compare it with atenolol. METHODS : Dahl salt-sensitive rats were treated for 8 weeks with standard chow or chow containing 4% NaCl alone or in combination with nebivolol (10 mg/kg per day) or atenolol (100 mg/kg per day). Isometric tension was continuously recorded in isolated aorta and small mesenteric arteries. Constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) activity was determined by [3H]citrulline assay. RESULTS : Chronic salt administration increased systolic blood pressure by 38 +/- 5 mmHg in salt-treated rats as compared with that in control rats. Both nebivolol and atenolol prevented a salt-induced increase in pressure. cNOS activity was significantly decreased by a high-salt diet. The impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxations in response to acetylcholine in salt-treated rats was prevented only by nebivolol, in both large and small arteries. In contrast, the reduced endothelium-independent relaxations and contractions in response to sodium nitroprusside and endothelin-1, respectively, were restored by both drugs. Nebivolol, but not atenolol, restored cNOS activity. CONCLUSIONS : Despite nebivolol and atenolol having the same blood-pressure-decreasing effect, only nebivolol was able to prevent endothelial dysfunction. This study demonstrates for the first time that the acute NO-mediated vasodilatory action of nebivolol is also present during chronic treatment. Hence, nebivolol might become a new therapeutic tool with which to exert vascular protective effects against end-organ damage in conditions associated with NO deficiency.[1]References
- Nitric-oxide-mediated relaxations in salt-induced hypertension: effect of chronic beta1 -selective receptor blockade. Cosentino, F., Bonetti, S., Rehorik, R., Eto, M., Werner-Felmayer, G., Volpe, M., Lüscher, T.F. J. Hypertens. (2002) [Pubmed]
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