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Chemical Compound Review:

CHEBI:28832 (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6- [[(3R,5S,8R,9S,10S,13S...

Synonyms: HMDB02829, KST-1A0068, LMST05010013, AR-1A4744, NSC 113101, ...

Thompson, D.L. et al., Wu, A.H. et al., Giagulli, V.A. et al., Santner, S.J. et al., Leblanc, M. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of Androsterone glucuronide

Clinically apparent prostate cancer occurs more commonly among Caucasians living in Western countries than in Chinese in the Far East. Prior studies demonstrated diminished facial and body hair and lower levels of plasma 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide and androsterone glucuronide in Chinese than in Caucasian men [1].
To evaluate the reliability of plasma androsterone glucuronide (ADTG) as a parameter of androgenicity at the target tissue level, we studied the origin of ADTG in women, by measuring the plasma conversion rate of different possible precursors as well as by measuring ADTG levels in ovariectomized women and women with Addison's disease [2].
Androsterone glucosiduronate was isolated (0.17-4.1%) from weight breast tumor homogenates and from the node tissue incubation (17%) [3].
Androsterone glucuronide levels (nmol/l; mean +/- SD) were significantly higher (P less than 0.025) in women with mild idiopathic hirsutism (IH) (185 +/- 91), severe IH (173 +/- 97), and hirsute women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO) (178 +/- 102) than in normal women (110 +/- 26) [4].
Androsterone glucuronide is a marker of adrenal hyperandrogenism in hirsute women [4].

High impact information on Androsterone glucuronide

Main Outcome Measures: We measured serum levels of SHBG, testosterone, estradiol, dihydrotestosterone, 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol glucuronides, androsterone glucuronide, and BMD determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [5].
Intratissular dihydrotestosterone (-59 to -99%), estradiol (-31 to -53%), and androsterone-glucuronide (-28 to -85%) concentrations also decreased after GDX [6].
In humans, as in the monkey, the main androgen metabolites found in the circulation are 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol-glucuronide and androsterone glucuronide, and high levels of androsterone glucuronide were also measured in human follicular fluid [7].
Nonconjugated testosterone, testosterone glucuronide (TG), androsterone glucuronide (AG), and etiocholanolone glucuronide (EtG) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in both matrices [8].
Assays of sera for the four steroids were performed using standard radioimmunoassay methodology, except for androsterone glucuronide [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Androsterone glucuronide

To address these questions, we measured two hormonal indices of 5alpha-reductase activity [serum levels of androstane-3alpha-17beta-diol glucuronide (3alpha-diol G) and androsterone glucuronide (AG)] in healthy, older African-American, white, and Asian-American men, who are at high, intermediate, and low prostate cancer risk, respectively [10].

Gene context of Androsterone glucuronide

In contrast, almost two-thirds (seven of eleven) of the PR negative tumors formed androsterone glucosiduronate [11].
In addition, concentrations of androsterone glucuronide, a marker of peripheral 5 alpha-reductase activity, were higher in obese than in non-obese women with PCOS [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Androsterone glucuronide

To investigate the significance of serum androsterone glucuronide, we developed a direct radioimmunoassay for this compound and measured its levels in normal women, women with mild or severe idiopathic hirsutism (IH), hirsute women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO), and non-hirsute obese women [4].

References

Comparative rates of androgen production and metabolism in Caucasian and Chinese subjects. Santner, S.J., Albertson, B., Zhang, G.Y., Zhang, G.H., Santulli, M., Wang, C., Demers, L.M., Shackleton, C., Santen, R.J. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) [Pubmed]
Origin and significance of plasma androsterone glucuronide levels: a parameter of adrenal androgen secretion and hepatic 5 alpha-reductase activity. Giagulli, V.A., Giorgino, R., Vermeulen, A. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1993) [Pubmed]
Glucosiduronidation and esterification of androsterone by human breast tumors in vitro. Raju, U., Kadner, S., Levitz, M., Kaganowicz, A., Blaustein, A. Steroids (1981) [Pubmed]
Androsterone glucuronide is a marker of adrenal hyperandrogenism in hirsute women. Thompson, D.L., Horton, N., Rittmaster, R.S. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) (1990) [Pubmed]
SHBG Gene Promoter Polymorphisms in Men Are Associated with Serum Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Androgen and Androgen Metabolite Levels, and Hip Bone Mineral Density. Eriksson, A.L., Lorentzon, M., Mellstr??m, D., Vandenput, L., Swanson, C., Andersson, N., Hammond, G.L., Jakobsson, J., Rane, A., Orwoll, E.S., Ljunggren, O., Johnell, O., Labrie, F., Windahl, S.H., Ohlsson, C. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2006) [Pubmed]
Plasma lipoprotein profile in the male cynomolgus monkey under normal, hypogonadal, and combined androgen blockade conditions. Leblanc, M., Bélanger, M.C., Julien, P., Tchernof, A., Labrie, C., Bélanger, A., Labrie, F. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2004) [Pubmed]
The androgen-conjugating uridine diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase-2B enzymes are differentially expressed temporally and spatially in the monkey follicle throughout the menstrual cycle. Barbier, O., Girard, C., Berger, L., El Alfy, M., Bélanger, A., Hum, D.W. Endocrinology (2001) [Pubmed]
Oral testosterone administration detected by testosterone glucuronidation measured in blood spots dried on filter paper. Peng, S.H., Segura, J., Farré, M., de la Torre, X. Clin. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
A simple, differential extraction method for the simultaneous direct radioimmunoassay of androgens and androgen glucuronides in human serum. Brind, J., Borofsky, N., Chervinsky, K., Vogelman, J.H., Orentreich, N. Steroids (1996) [Pubmed]
Lifestyle determinants of 5alpha-reductase metabolites in older African-American, white, and Asian-American men. Wu, A.H., Whittemore, A.S., Kolonel, L.N., Stanczyk, F.Z., John, E.M., Gallagher, R.P., West, D.W. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. (2001) [Pubmed]
Glucosiduronidation of androsterone by human breast tumors in vitro in relation to the progesterone receptor content. Raju, U., Levitz, M., Kaganowicz, A., Blaustein, A. Steroids (1983) [Pubmed]
Differences in clinical and endocrine features between obese and non-obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome: an analysis of 263 consecutive cases. Kiddy, D.S., Sharp, P.S., White, D.M., Scanlon, M.F., Mason, H.D., Bray, C.S., Polson, D.W., Reed, M.J., Franks, S. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) (1990) [Pubmed]

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