Disease relevance of Asian Americans

• Ethnic-specific incidence rates of breast cancer in the migrating generation were clearly elevated above those in the countries of origin, while rates in Asian-Americans born in the West approximated the U.S. White rate [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: The lower nicotine (and, therefore, tobacco smoke) intake per cigarette and the fewer cigarettes smoked per day, which may result, in part, from slower clearance of nicotine, may explain lower lung cancer rates in Chinese-Americans [2].
• METHODS: Japanese-American men aged 40-85 years and native Japanese men aged 40-89 years with no history of prostate cancer provided sera, respectively, in the United States from March 1990 through March 1992 (n = 237) or in Japan from January 1992 through December 1993 (n = 3522) [3].
• EBV, early antigen, and anti-diffuse titers of Chinese-American and black patients with NPC were higher than those of white patients with NPC [4].
• Sudden death, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes in Japanese American men [5].

Psychiatry related information on Asian Americans

• The results with Chinese-Americans may have implications for dosing with nicotine medications to aid smoking cessation in Chinese- American smokers and perhaps in other Asian smokers [2].
• We report a presenilin-1 mutation (T245P) in a Japanese-American family with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease with an onset age in the early 40s [6].
• There appears to be convergence from a number of fields (i.e., ethnic studies, film studies, and literature, in addition to experts in the field of ethnic minority mental health) that White standards of attractiveness exert a deleterious effect on Asian Americans [7].
• Forty Asian Americans and 40 White Americans completed a trait measure of social anxiety and rated their emotions before, and immediately after, a social performance task [8].

High impact information on Asian Americans

• CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of Alzheimer disease in older Japanese-American men in Hawaii appears to be higher than in Japan but similar to European-ancestry populations [9].
• Serum total cholesterol and mortality. Confounding factors and risk modification in Japanese-American men [10].
• Slower metabolism and reduced intake of nicotine from cigarette smoking in Chinese-Americans [2].
• RESULTS: Age-specific mean PSA levels were significantly lower in Japanese-Americans than in native Japanese (two-sided P<.001) [3].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine whether Asian Americans with ALDH2*2 alleles differ from Asian Americans without this mutation in terms of blood levels of alcohol and acetaldehyde after ingestion of a moderate amount of alcohol [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Asian Americans

• Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with methazolamide treatment reported in two Japanese-American women [12].
• Low-density lipoprotein particle size, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as risk factors for coronary heart disease in older Japanese-American men [13].

Biological context of Asian Americans

• We investigated the patterns and extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the vicinity of the type 2 diabetes gene calapin-10 (CAPN10) in Mexican Americans, European Americans, African Americans, and Chinese Americans [14].
• CONCLUSIONS: Among Japanese Americans, CRP may be a risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes independent of either obesity or insulin resistance [15].
• Improvement of BMI, body composition, and body fat distribution with lifestyle modification in Japanese Americans with impaired glucose tolerance [16].
• Earlier appearance of impaired insulin secretion than of visceral adiposity in the pathogenesis of NIDDM. 5-Year follow-up of initially nondiabetic Japanese-American men [17].
• CONCLUSIONS--Mutations affecting the amino acid sequence of GCK do not account for the increased incidence of impaired glucose metabolism in Japanese-Americans, and the gene sequence does not uniformly differ from that in Caucasians [18].

Anatomical context of Asian Americans

• Low serum testosterone level as a predictor of increased visceral fat in Japanese-American men [19].

Associations of Asian Americans with chemical compounds

• Prevalence of complications among second-generation Japanese-American men with diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, or normal glucose tolerance [20].
• Postmenopausal estrogen and estrogen-progestin use and 2-year rate of cognitive change in a cohort of older Japanese American women: The Kame Project [21].
• Findings indicate that elderly Japanese-American men have a favorable lipid profile, except for elevated triglyceride levels, relative to levels in other populations of older Americans and that a number of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases are strongly associated with lipids in elderly men [22].
• Lactose digestion and tolerance in adult and elderly Asian-Americans [23].
• The purpose of this study was to directly compare the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Asian Americans with other racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. using data from the 2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) [24].

Gene context of Asian Americans

• All 14 were Asian-American (AA) variants and, of 11 sub-classified, 6 were AA-a and 5 AA-c. Two E1/E2-negative tumors also contained the AA-c variant, while the remaining HPV16-positive tumors contained only European variants [25].
• In multivariate models, compared with Caucasian women, Asian Americans had 22% higher calculated free estradiol (P < 0.01), 31% lower SHBG (P < 0.01), and 25% higher free IGF-I (P < 0.01) levels [26].
• These results demonstrate the presence of both genetic and environmental effects on CRP levels among Asian Americans, and additional studies are needed to determine if the APOE gene contributes to these genetic influences [27].
• Recent epidemiological studies in Japanese-Americans and in Omagari area where HALP subjects with the intron 14 splicing defect of CETP gene are markedly frequent, have demonstrated an increased incidence of coronary atherosclerosis in CETP-deficient patients [28].
• Insulin-receptor and apolipoprotein genes contribute to development of NIDDM in Chinese Americans [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Asian Americans

• Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry in 3,076 elderly Japanese-American men of the Honolulu Heart Program (HHP) cohort [30].
• Recent epidemiological studies in Japanese-Americans and in Omagari area where HALP subjects with the intron 14 splicing defect of CETP gene are markedly frequent, have demonstrated an increased incidence of coronary atherosclerosis in CETP-deficient patients [31].
• The authors determined whether mammographic density reflects these ethnic differences by evaluating mammograms from 442 White, African-American, and Asian-American women without breast cancer who served as controls in one of two population-based, breast cancer case-control studies conducted in Los Angeles, California, in 1994-1998 [32].
• Nine-hundred-and-sixty non-diabetic Japanese-American subjects who underwent the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test were followed for 6.8+/-0.1 years (mean+/-standard error) [33].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) from 30 patients (6 Caucasian Americans, 1 Chinese American, 14 and 9 patients from Korea and China, respectively) were studied using the ligation-dependent polymerase chain reaction (LD-PCR) [34].

References