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Chemical Compound Review:

gammaGluCys (2S)-2-amino-4-[[(1S)-1- carboxy-2-sulfanyl...

Synonyms: gamma-Glu-cys, CHEMBL460831, CHEBI:17515, HMDB01049, Glu(-Cys), ...

Hara, T. et al., Vatamaniuk, O.K. et al., Morelli, E. et al., Tanaka, T. et al., Grant, C.M. et al., et al.

Morelli, Scarano,

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Disease relevance of gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

Lys18, Arg86, Asn283, Ser286, Thr288 and Glu292 of glutathione synthetase from Escherichia coli B are presumed to be highly concerned with the substrate, gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine (gamma-Glu-Cys), binding by X-ray crystallography and affinity labeling studies [1].

High impact information on gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

Further, as demonstrated by the facility of AtPCS1 for the net synthesis of S-alkyl-PCs from S-alkylglutathiones with biphasic kinetics, consistent with the sufficiency of S-alkylglutathiones as both gamma-Glu-Cys donors and acceptors in media devoid of metals, even heavy metal thiolates are dispensable [2].
Furthermore, gamma-Glu-Cys was at least as good as GSH in protecting yeast cells against an oxidant challenge, providing the first evidence that gamma-Glu-Cys can act as an antioxidant and substitute for GSH in a eukaryotic cell [3].
These results suggest that the loop covers the active site while ATP and gamma-Glu-Cys bind there and that it protects the unstable gamma-Glu-Cys phosphate intermediate from decomposition by bulk water.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[4]
The gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-ECS) catalyzes the synthesis of the dipeptidethiol gamma-glu-cys (gamma-EC), the first step in the biosynthesis of phytochelatins (PCs) [5].
The synthesis of phytochelatins (PC), intracellular metal-binding polypeptides characterized by a repeating sequence of gamma-glutamic acid- cysteine (gamma-Glu-Cys) pairs, has been studied in laboratory cultures of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum exposed to Cd, Pb or Zn [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

Using site-directed mutagenesis, we investigated functional roles of those residues for gamma-Glu-Cys binding [1].

References

Site-directed mutagenesis of glutathione synthetase from Escherichia coli B: mapping of the gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine-binding site. Hara, T., Tanaka, T., Kato, H., Nishioka, T., Oda, J. Protein Eng. (1995) [Pubmed]
Mechanism of heavy metal ion activation of phytochelatin (PC) synthase: blocked thiols are sufficient for PC synthase-catalyzed transpeptidation of glutathione and related thiol peptides. Vatamaniuk, O.K., Mari, S., Lu, Y.P., Rea, P.A. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
Glutathione synthetase is dispensable for growth under both normal and oxidative stress conditions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to an accumulation of the dipeptide gamma-glutamylcysteine. Grant, C.M., MacIver, F.H., Dawes, I.W. Mol. Biol. Cell (1997) [Pubmed]
Mutational and proteolytic studies on a flexible loop in glutathione synthetase from Escherichia coli B: the loop and arginine 233 are critical for the catalytic reaction. Tanaka, T., Kato, H., Nishioka, T., Oda, J. Biochemistry (1992) [Pubmed]
Arsenic and mercury tolerance and cadmium sensitivity in Arabidopsis plants expressing bacterial gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Li, Y., Dhankher, O.P., Carreira, L., Balish, R.S., Meagher, R.B. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. (2005) [Pubmed]
Synthesis and stability of phytochelatins induced by cadmium and lead in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Morelli, E., Scarano, G. Mar. Environ. Res. (2001) [Pubmed]

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