Disease relevance of Niclofen

• We hypothesized that the expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A) would be altered in developing lungs from rat fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) induced by maternal ingestion of 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether (Nitrofen) on Day 9 of gestation [1].
• The results of Salmonella mutagenicity tests with the herbicide nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-4-nitrophenyl ether, CAS 1836-75-5) reported in the literature seem to vary according to source or lot of the technical product [2].
• Administration of nitrofen (2,4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether) during organogenesis in rodents produces neonatal lethality accompanied by lung hypoplasia, diaphragmatic hernias, heart anomalies, and hydronephrosis [3].
• This study tests the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether (nitrofen), an herbicide known to induce pulmonary hypoplasia and other malformations in fetal rats, also may induce ureterohydronephrosis (UHN) and oligohydramnios [4].
• The separate and combined effects of prenatal protein deficiency (6% casein) and prenatal nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether) exposure (12.5 mg/kg on gestational d 7-21) on renal morphology in the 21-d fetal and postnatal rat were examined [5].

High impact information on Niclofen

• Exposure of mice to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether during gestation produces abnormalities that are not readily apparent at birth but become obvious as the pups mature [6].
• Prenatal exposure to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether destroys the rodent Harderian gland [6].
• Teratogenicity of nitrofen (2,4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether) and its effects on thyroid function in the rat [7].
• Although nitrofen, 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether, is a relatively nontoxic herbicide, prenatal exposure to doses considerably less than the LD50 value for adult rats and mice produces numerous developmental defects that become apparent as the animals mature [8].
• BACKGROUND: Nitrofen (2,4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether), a diapheny ether herbicide, is known to induce in rat fetuses a variety of congenital cardiovascular anomalies, together with diaphragmatic hernia and hydronephrosis [9].

Biological context of Niclofen

• The effects on rat pups when nitrofen (4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)nitrobenzene) was applied dermally to the dam during organogenesis [10].

Gene context of Niclofen

• In order to further examine these issues and to test the applicability of experimentally produced CDDs to human disease, we administered nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether), an herbicide known to produce diaphragmatic defects in rodents, to time-mated CD1 mice by gavage feeding on gestational days 8 and 9 [11].

References