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Chemical Compound Review

Fenamifos     N-[ethoxy-(3-methyl-4- methylsulfanyl...

Synonyms: Nemacur, FENAMIPHOS, Fenamithion, Phenamiphos, Nemacur P, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Nemacur P

 

High impact information on Nemacur P

  • In the United Kingdom soils in which enhanced degradation had been induced, fenamiphos was oxidized to FSO and then hydrolyzed to FSO-OH, but direct conversion to fenamiphos phenol did not occur [3].
  • By gestation day 20, the inhibition of cholinesterase activity was reduced; however, the high dose for all test compounds (except BChe in fenamiphos-treated dams) continued to demonstrate statistically significant inhibition of RChe and BChe [4].
  • Simultaneous determination of fenamiphos, its sulphoxide and sulphone in water by high-performance liquid chromatography [5].
  • The hydrolysis products of fenamiphos, F. sulfoxide (FSO) and F. sulfone (FSO(2)) (F. phenol, FSO phenol and FSO(2) phenol) were not toxic to D. carinata up to 500mugl(-1) water, suggesting hydrolysis reaction leads to detoxification [1].
  • To our knowledge this is the first study on acute toxicity of fenamiphos metabolites to cladoceran and this study suggests that the organophosphate pesticides are highly toxic to fresh water invertebrates and therefore pollution with these compounds may adversely affect the natural ecosystems [1].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Nemacur P

 

Biological context of Nemacur P

 

Anatomical context of Nemacur P

 

Associations of Nemacur P with other chemical compounds

  • There was a concomitant accumulation of hydrolysis product, fenamiphos phenol, in nearly stoichiometric amounts [6].
  • According to our results, applications of MS followed by fenamiphos or in rotation with other registered nematicides are the most promising means for minimizing the risk of development of enhanced biodegradation of fenamiphos in soils [9].
  • Effects of phenamiphos on muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in the brain synaptosome in rats and its mechanism [8].
 

Gene context of Nemacur P

  • However in the cultivated soils only the sorption coefficients for DEA, DIA and fenamiphos showed a decrease in variability when expressed as K(alkyl) or K(aromatic) [10].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Nemacur P

  • Enhanced biodegradation of fenamiphos in a soil from a previously treated greenhouse site from the area of Aggelohori in Northern Greece was observed using both incubation and bioassay studies with nematodes [9].
  • Monitoring movement of fenamiphos through soil water in peach orchards using quantitation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry [11].

References

  1. Toxicity of fenamiphos and its metabolites to the cladoceran Daphnia carinata: The influence of microbial degradation in natural waters. C??ceres, T., Megharaj, M., Naidu, R. Chemosphere (2007) [Pubmed]
  2. Hydrolysis of fenamiphos and its oxidation products by a soil bacterium in pure culture, soil and water. Megharaj, M., Singh, N., Kookana, R.S., Naidu, R., Sethunathan, N. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  3. Role of soil pH in the development of enhanced biodegradation of fenamiphos. Singh, B.K., Walker, A., Morgan, J.A., Wright, D.J. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  4. The relationship between maternal and fetal effects following maternal organophosphate exposure during gestation in the rat. Astroff, A.B., Young, A.D. Toxicology and industrial health. (1998) [Pubmed]
  5. Simultaneous determination of fenamiphos, its sulphoxide and sulphone in water by high-performance liquid chromatography. Singh, R. The Analyst. (1989) [Pubmed]
  6. Bioavailability of an organophosphorus pesticide, fenamiphos, sorbed on an organo clay. Singh, N., Megharaj, M., Gates, W.P., Churchman, G.J., Anderson, J., Kookana, R.S., Naidu, R., Chen, Z., Slade, P.G., Sethunathan, N. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2003) [Pubmed]
  7. Pharmacokinetic profile and anticholinesterase properties of phenamiphos in male rats. Salama, A.K., Radwan, M.A., el-Shahawi, F.I. Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes. (1992) [Pubmed]
  8. Effects of phenamiphos on muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in the brain synaptosome in rats and its mechanism. Sun, L., Ma, T.G., Liu, Y.G. J. Tongji Med. Univ. (1994) [Pubmed]
  9. The enhanced biodegradation of fenamiphos in soils from previously treated sites and the effect of soil fumigants. Karpouzas, D.G., Hatziapostolou, P., Papadopoulou-Mourkidou, E., Giannakou, I.O., Georgiadou, A. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  10. The effect of landuse on soil organic carbon chemistry and sorption of pesticides and metabolites. Oliver, D.P., Baldock, J.A., Kookana, R.S., Grocke, S. Chemosphere (2005) [Pubmed]
  11. Monitoring movement of fenamiphos through soil water in peach orchards using quantitation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Kotcon, J.B., Wimmer, M. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. (1993) [Pubmed]
 
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