Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

Editor

Personal info

View

About

Terms

Javascript disabled

Please enable Javascript support in your browser to use this application.

Instructions on how to enable JavaScript on different browsers can be found here: http://www.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=23852.

[edit this page]

Chemical Compound Review:

Gemsar 4-amino-1-[(2R,4R,5R)-3,3- difluoro-4...

Synonyms: Gemzar, DDFC, dFdC, gemcitabinehcl, CHEMBL1637, ...

This record was replaced with 60750.

Frasci, G. et al., Perez-Zincer, F. et al., Orlando, M. et al., Miller, K.D. et al., Parente, B. et al., et al.

Welcome! If you are familiar with the subject of this article, you can contribute to this open access knowledge base by deleting incorrect information, restructuring or completely rewriting any text. Read more.

Disease relevance of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

Phase II studies have confirmed gemcitabine (GEMZAR) to be an active single agent in treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with response rates averaging 21% [1].
We sought to define the recommended dose of cyclophosphamide (CTX) for subsequent phase II assessment when combined with fixed doses of gemcitabine (Gemzar; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) and 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid in metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with anthracyclines and taxanes [2].
CONCLUSION: This combination of gemcitabine (Gemzar) and rHuIFN-alpha2b has significant hematologic toxicity despite low doses of each agent [3].
2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine (LY 188011, Gemcitabine, Gemzar) has recently been approved both in Europe for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and in the United States for patients with pancreatic cancer [4].
Gemcitabine (GEMZAR) has emerged as an important new agent in several tumour types, including pancreatic, non-small-cell lung, bladder, breast and ovarian cancers [5].

High impact information on Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

Gemcitabine (Gemzar; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) and cisplatin are commonly used in the treatment of many solid tumors, although the impact of chemotherapy is limited in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer [6].
PURPOSE: A phase I clinical trial utilizing gemcitabine (Gemzar and rHuIFN-alpha2b was conducted in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma [3].
Gemcitabine (Gemzar; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) has undergone investigation in a series of phase I and II clinical trials that have demonstrated its safety and efficacy [7].
Gemcitabine (Gemzar; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) is a novel agent with a unique mechanism of action that has shown consistent activity as a single-agent in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, with remission rates of nearly 20% and a favorable toxicity profile [8].
A phase II trial of gemcitabine (Gemzar), a nucleoside analogue with broad activity in solid tumors, was performed in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

We evaluated the toxicity and activity of gemcitabine (Gemzar; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) and carboplatin on a 3-week (trial A) versus a 4-week (trial B) schedule in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer [10].

Biological context of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

Using a day 1 and 8, every-3-week schedule, our purpose was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar) that can be administered immediately after gemcitabine (Gemzar) at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2 IV [11].

Anatomical context of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

Preliminary evaluation of influence of gemcitabine (Gemzar) on proliferation and neuroendocrine activity of human TT cell line: immunocytochemical investigations [12].

Associations of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine with other chemical compounds

Specifically, the assessment of ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 and thymidylate synthase mRNA expression levels might select patients who benefit from gemcitabine (Gemzar) or pemetrexed (Alimta) combinations [13].

Gene context of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

A phase II trial evaluated the effectiveness and toxicity of combination paclitaxel (Taxol), gemcitabine (Gemzar), and trastuzumab (Herceptin) as first-line therapy for patients with newly diagnosed HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cytidine, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-2'-Deoxy-.beta.-D-2',2'-difluorocytidine

Current and planned trials in NSCLC with irinotecan in combination with gemcitabine (Gemzar), the taxanes, and other new agents, and thoracic radiotherapy should also provide useful clinical data [15].
New cytotoxic therapies, including the taxanes, gemcitabine (Gemzar), vinorelbine (Navelbine) and irinotecan (Campto), have improved treatment outcome and expanded treatment options in advanced non-small cell lung cancer [16].
A number of randomized clinical trials now support the conclusion that the combined-modality regimen that includes gemcitabine (Gemzar) and cisplatin (Platinol) may improve survival in disseminated non-small-cell lung cancer [17].

References

Combination studies with gemcitabine in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Steward, W.P. Br. J. Cancer (1998) [Pubmed]
Gemcitabine/cyclophosphamide/5-fluorouracil/folinic acid triplet combination in anthracycline- and taxane-refractory breast cancer patients: a Southern Italy Cooperative Oncology Group phase I/II study. Frasci, G., D'Aiuto, G., Comella, P., Thomas, R., Capasso, I., Botti, G., Cortino, G.R., De Rosa, V., Comella, G. Semin. Oncol. (2001) [Pubmed]
A phase I trial of weekly gemcitabine and subcutaneous interferon alpha in patients with refractory renal cell carcinoma. Perez-Zincer, F., Olencki, T., Budd, G.T., Peereboom, D., Elson, P., Bukowski, R.M. Investigational new drugs. (2002) [Pubmed]
Activity of gemcitabine in a human tumor cloning assay as a basis for clinical trials with gemcitabine. San Antonio Drug Development Team. Von Hoff, D.D. Investigational new drugs. (1996) [Pubmed]
New antimetabolites in cancer chemotherapy and their clinical impact. Kaye, S.B. Br. J. Cancer (1998) [Pubmed]
Targeted therapy in combination with gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer. Rosell, R., Crino, L., Danenberg, K., Scagliotti, G., Bepler, G., Taron, M., Alberola, V., Provencio, M., Camps, C., De Marinis, F., Sanchez, J.J., Peñas, R. Semin. Oncol. (2003) [Pubmed]
The current role of gemcitabine in ovarian cancer. Ozols, R.F. Semin. Oncol. (2001) [Pubmed]
Gemcitabine in ovarian cancer. Orlando, M., Mandachain, M. Semin. Oncol. (2001) [Pubmed]
Evaluation of gemcitabine in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a Southwest Oncology Group phase II study. Samlowski, W.E., Gundacker, H., Kuebler, J.P., Giguere, J.K., Mills, G.M., Schuller, D.E., Ensley, J.F. Investigational new drugs. (2001) [Pubmed]
A prospective study of gemcitabine and carboplatin as first-line therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: toxicity of a three- versus a four-week schedule. Parente, B., Barroso, A., Conde, S., Guimarães, T., Seada, J. Semin. Oncol. (2001) [Pubmed]
Irinotecan and gemcitabine in patients with solid tumors: phase I trial. Rocha Lima, C.M., Leong, S.S., Sherman, C.A., Perkel, J.A., Putman, T., Safa, A.R., Green, M.R. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) (2002) [Pubmed]
Preliminary evaluation of influence of gemcitabine (Gemzar) on proliferation and neuroendocrine activity of human TT cell line: immunocytochemical investigations. Dadan, J., Wołczyński, S., Sawicki, B., Chyczewski, L., Azzadin, A., Dziecioł, J., Puchalski, Z. Folia Histochem. Cytobiol. (2001) [Pubmed]
The promise of pharmacogenomics: gemcitabine and pemetrexed. Rosell, R., Taron, M., Sanchez, J.M., Moran, T., Reguart, N., Besse, B., Isla, D., Massuti, B., Alberola, V., Sanchez, J.J. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) (2004) [Pubmed]
Gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and trastuzumab in metastatic breast cancer. Miller, K.D., Sisk, J., Ansari, R., Gize, G., Nattam, S., Pennington, K., Monaco, F., Sledge, G.W. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) (2001) [Pubmed]
Irinotecan in advanced lung cancer: focus on North American trials. Langer, C.J. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) (2004) [Pubmed]
Role of targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer: hype or hope? Langer, C.J. Expert review of anticancer therapy. (2003) [Pubmed]
Gemcitabine and cisplatin combination in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Crinò, L., Calandri, C., Maestri, A., Marrocolo, F. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) (2001) [Pubmed]

Contributions to this collaborative article are from individual authors of WikiGenes or mined by the WikiGenes Data Mining Engine from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.About WikiGenes Open Access Licence Privacy Policy Terms of Use apsburg

The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.