High impact information on CHD1

• Most interestingly, CHD1 is released into the cytoplasm when cells enter mitosis and is reincorporated into chromatin during telophase-cytokinesis [1].
• Several CHD1-binding sites were found in a well-characterized nuclear-matrix attachment region, which is located adjacent to the intronic enhancer of the kappa immunoglobulin gene [1].
• We also demonstrate that CHD1 is a constituent of bulk chromatin and that it can be extracted from nuclei with 0.6 M NaCl or with 2 mM EDTA after mild digestion with micrococcal nuclease [1].
• Characterization and functional analysis of CReMM, a novel chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein [2].
• Sex ratios in clutches of moorhens (Gallinula chloropus) in Britain were measured on 83 chicks using the sex-linked CHD1 gene (Chromo-helicase/ATPase-DNA binding protein 1) [3].

Biological context of CHD1

• Immunocytochemical analyses indicated that CHD1 and SSRP1 colocalize in both mammalian nuclei and Drosophila polytene chromosomes [4].
• We now show by transient transfection experiments with genes expressing wild-type and mutant forms of CHD1 that both the C and H domains are essential for its proper association with chromatin [4].
• We used a molecular sexing technique that amplifies an intron of the CHD1 gene in birds to examine the sex ratio at egg-laying in socially monogamous tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) [5].
• RESULTS: apoE 3/4 genotype and E4 allele frequency in the CHD1 group were higher than those in the CHD2 group and healthy subjects, while no differences were found between CHD2 and healthy subjects [6].

Associations of CHD1 with chemical compounds

• We show that the human CHD1 double chromodomains target the lysine 4-methylated histone H3 tail (H3K4me), a hallmark of active chromatin [7].
• This mutation results in a substitution of an alanine residue (A128V) in CHD1 [8].
• METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with CHD younger than 55 years (CHD1), 136 patients with CHD older than 65 years (CHD2), and 136 healthy subjects were enrolled, and their plasma levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined [6].

Other interactions of CHD1

• Of the four genes which are known to have diverged copies on the neognathous avian W and Z chromosome (ATP5A1, CHD1, PKC and SPIN) only the spindlin gene has W- and Z-chromosomal forms in the tinamiformes [9].
• We sequenced part of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, the control region (central domain II), and an intron-exon crossing fragment of the nuclear chromo-helicase-DNA binding gene (CHD1) in 27 bustard taxa (including multiple subspecies) representing 11 genera and four gruiform outgroup species [10].
• The amino-terminal actin binding domain (ABD) of filamins contains two tandem calponin homology domains, CHD1 and CHD2 [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CHD1

• A Southern blot analysis indicated that this protein, which we have named CHD-1, for chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein, is present in most, if not all, mammalian species [11].

References