High impact information on CHST14

• 4-O-Sulfation of GalNAc is a high frequency modification of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate (DS), and three major GalNAc 4-O-sulfotransferases including dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST-1) and chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferases-1 and -2 (C4ST-1 and -2) have been identified [1].
• Enzymatic analysis of the transferase reaction products showed that D4ST-1 far more efficiently transferred sulfate to GalNAc residues in -IdoUA-Gal-NAc-IdoUA-than in -GlcUA-GalNAc-GlcUA-sequences [1].
• This hypothesis has recently been argued based on enzymological studies using microsomes that C5-epimerization precedes 4-O-sulfation, which was further supported by the specificity of the cloned D4ST-1 with predominant preference for IdoUA-GalNAc flanked by GlcUA-GalNAc over IdoUA-GalNAc flanked by IdoUA-GalNAc in exhaustively desulfated dermatan [1].
• The properties of D4ST-1 indicate that sulfation of the GalNAc moieties in dermatan is mediated by a distinct GalNAc-4-O-sulfotransferase and occurs following epimerization of GlcUA to IdoUA [2].
• The open reading frame of D4ST-1 is encoded by a single exon located on human chromosome 15q14 [2].

Anatomical context of CHST14

• D4ST-1 message is expressed in virtually all tissues at some level but is most highly expressed in pituitary, placenta, uterus, and thyroid [2].

Associations of CHST14 with chemical compounds

• D4ST-1 shows a strong preference in vitro for sulfate transfer to IdoUAalpha1,3GalNAcbeta1,4 that is flanked by GlcUAbeta1,3GalNAcbeta1,4 as compared with IdoUAalpha1,3GalNAcbeta1,4 flanked by IdoUAalpha1,3GalNAcbeta1,4 [2].
• D4ST-1 transfers sulfate to the C-4 hydroxyl of beta1,4-linked GalNAc that is substituted with an alpha-linked iduronic acid (IdoUA) at the C-3 hydroxyl [2].
• With the exception of HNK-1-ST, these sulphotransferases add sulphate to the C-4 hydroxy group of either terminal or non-terminal beta1,4-linked GalNAc [3].

Other interactions of CHST14

• No change in activity in dermatan 4-O sulfotransferase was observed, and only a minor decrease in dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST-1) mRNA was observed [4].

References