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Gene Review:

Iddm2 - Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus QTL 2

Rattus norvegicus

Klöting, I. et al., Klöting, I. et al., Klöting, I. et al., Klöting, I. et al., Lucke, S. et al.

Klöting, van den Brandt, Klöting, Radović, Klöting, van den Brandt, Kuttler,

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Disease relevance of Iddm2

By several crossing studies it has been demonstrated that the MHC class-II genes of the RT1u haplotype, Iddm1, and the lymphopenia, Iddm2, are essential, but not sufficient for diabetes development in the BB rat [1].

High impact information on Iddm2

Independent crossing studies have demonstrated that diabetes in the BB rat is explained by at least three recessively acting genes termed Iddm1 (major histocompatibility complex), Iddm2 (lymphopenia), Iddm3 (unknown) [2].
Chromosomal regions on which the genes Iddm 4 (BB.6s), Iddm6 (BB.Xs) and Iddm 2 (BB.LL) are located were exchanged [3].

Biological context of Iddm2

All hybrids were used in a genome-wide scan carried out with 238 microsatellite markers covering about 92% of the genome.Significantly more Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous BC1 hybrids became diabetic (69 vs. 50%, p<0.003) with an age at onset of 91+/-31 days [2].
Several crossing studies with diabetic BB rats have shown that in addition to the lymphopenia (Iddm1) and the MHC class II genes of the RT1U haplotype (Iddm2) there are further non-MHC genes essential for diabetes development [4].
The percentage of diabetics in Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygotes confirmed the existence of the third gene, Iddm3, but there were some sex differences; significantly more male than female BC1W-F and significantly more BC1DA-M than BC1DA-F males were diabetic [4].

Other interactions of Iddm2

It is supposed that diabetes protective genes of SHR must be located on both chromosomal segments and that these suppress the action of the essential and most important genes of diabetes development in the BB/OK rat, Iddm1, and Iddm2 [5].

References

Mapping of novel genes predisposing or protecting diabetes development in the BB/OK rat. Klöting, I., Schmidt, S., Kovacs, P. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1998) [Pubmed]
Alleles of diabetes-resistant BN rats contribute to insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus. Klöting, I., van den Brandt, J., Klöting, N., Radović, B. J. Autoimmun. (2003) [Pubmed]
Endocrine pancreas histology of congenic BB-rat strains with reduced diabetes incidence after genetic manipulation on chromosomes 4, 6 and X. Lucke, S., Klöting, I., Pusch, A., Heinrich, H.W., Hahn, H.J. Autoimmunity (2003) [Pubmed]
Crosses between diabetic BB/OK and wild rats confirm that a third gene is essential for diabetes development. Klöting, I., Kovacs, P. Acta diabetologica. (1998) [Pubmed]
Genes of SHR rats protect spontaneously diabetic BB/OK rats from diabetes: lessons from congenic BB.SHR rat strains. Klöting, I., van den Brandt, J., Kuttler, B. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2001) [Pubmed]

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