High impact information on Eip93F

• We propose that the steroid induction of E93 determines a programmed cell death response during development [1].
• E93 directs steroid-triggered programmed cell death in Drosophila [1].
• E93 mutants possess larval salivary glands that fail to undergo steroid-triggered programmed cell death, and E93 is expressed in cells immediately before the onset of death [1].
• E93 protein is bound to the sites of steroid-regulated and cell death genes on polytene chromosomes, and the expression of these genes is defective in E93 mutants [1].
• We further demonstrate that during larval-pupal metamorphosis, two ecdysone-induced transcription factors, Broad-Complex and E93, are required for correct dronc expression [2].

Biological context of Eip93F

• Together, these observations indicate that betaFTZ-F1 regulates the timing of hormone-induced cell responses, while E93 functions to specify programmed cell death [3].
• Mutations in the steroid-regulated genes BR-C and E93 differentially impact larval midgut cell death but do not affect the formation of adult midgut epithelia [4].
• They demonstrate a remarkable degree of overlap between the control of apoptosis and autophagy as well as a key role for the steroid-inducible gene E93 in directing the autophagic death response [5].

Anatomical context of Eip93F

• The steroid-regulated BR-C, E74A and E93 genes are required for salivary gland cell death [6].
• In contrast, E93 expression is sufficient to induce the removal of cells by phagocytes in the absence of the H99 genes [6].

Associations of Eip93F with chemical compounds

• The Drosophila E93 gene from the 93F early puff displays stage- and tissue-specific regulation by 20-hydroxyecdysone [7].

Other interactions of Eip93F

• Expression of E93 in embryos is sufficient to induce cell death with many characteristics of apoptosis, but requires the H99 genetic interval that contains the rpr, hid and grim proapoptotic genes to induce nuclear changes diagnostic of apoptosis [6].
• Among other developmental regulators, the Drosophila cell death protein E93 was found to contain a Psq motif and to define a third subgroup of Psq domain proteins [8].

References