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Gene Review:

Fmn2 - formin 2

Mus musculus

Synonyms: AU024104, Formin-2

Ryley, D.A. et al., Leader, B. et al., Dumont, J. et al., Na, J. et al.

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Disease relevance of Fmn2

Given that errors in meiotic maturation result in severe birth defects and are the most common cause of chromosomal aneuploidy and pregnancy loss in humans, studies of Fmn2 may provide a better understanding of infertility and birth defects [1].
Our aim was to describe the human FORMIN-2 (FMN2) gene and to identify DNA sequence polymorphisms in patients with unexplained infertility and multiple failed IVF cycles [2].

High impact information on Fmn2

Injection of Fmn2 mRNA into Fmn2-deficient oocytes rescues the metaphase I block [1].
We demonstrate that Fmn2 is required for microtubule-independent chromatin positioning during metaphase I [1].
Fmn2(-/-) oocytes cannot correctly position the metaphase spindle during meiosis I and form the first polar body [1].
Fertilization of Fmn2(-/-) oocytes results in polyploid embryo formation, recurrent pregnancy loss and sub-fertility in Fmn2(-/-) females [1].
Actin filaments, myosin motors, and formin-2, but not microtubules, are required for spindle migration [3].

Biological context of Fmn2

We show that Formin-2 controls first meiotic spindle migration to the cortex but not chromosome congression or segregation [4].
Formin-2 is required for spindle migration and for the late steps of cytokinesis in mouse oocytes [4].

Anatomical context of Fmn2

Recently Formin-2, a straight actin filaments nucleator, has been proposed to control spindle positioning, chromosome segregation as well as first polar body extrusion in mouse oocytes [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Fmn2

We reexamine here the possible role of Formin-2 during mouse meiotic maturation by live videomicroscopy [4].

References

Formin-2, polyploidy, hypofertility and positioning of the meiotic spindle in mouse oocytes. Leader, B., Lim, H., Carabatsos, M.J., Harrington, A., Ecsedy, J., Pellman, D., Maas, R., Leder, P. Nat. Cell Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Characterization and mutation analysis of the human formin-2 (FMN2) gene in women with unexplained infertility. Ryley, D.A., Wu, H.H., Leader, B., Zimon, A., Reindollar, R.H., Gray, M.R. Fertil. Steril. (2005) [Pubmed]
Asymmetric positioning and organization of the meiotic spindle of mouse oocytes requires CDC42 function. Na, J., Zernicka-Goetz, M. Curr. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Formin-2 is required for spindle migration and for the late steps of cytokinesis in mouse oocytes. Dumont, J., Million, K., Sunderland, K., Rassinier, P., Lim, H., Leader, B., Verlhac, M.H. Dev. Biol. (2007) [Pubmed]

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FMN2	Homo sapiens
FMN2	Pan troglodytes
LOC100360457	Rattus norvegicus
fmn2	Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis

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