Disease relevance of PCGEM1

• PCGEM1, a prostate-specific gene, is overexpressed in prostate cancer [1].

High impact information on PCGEM1

• Among various prostate cancer cell lines analyzed, PCGEM1 expression was detected only in the androgen receptor-positive cell line LNCaP [1].
• Taken together, the remarkable prostate-tissue specificity and androgen-dependent expression of PCGEM1 as well as its elevated expression in a significant percentage of tumor tissues suggest specific functions of PCGEM1 in the biology and tumorigenesis of the prostate gland [1].
• Extensive DNA sequence analysis of the PCGEM1 cDNA and genomic DNA revealed that PCGEM1 lacks protein-coding capacity and suggests that it may belong to an emerging class of noncoding RNAs, also called "riboregulators." The PCGEM1 locus was mapped to chromosome 2q32 [1].
• Taken together, the cell proliferation/colony formation-promoting functions of PCGEM1 and the association of its increased expression with high-risk CaP patients suggest the potential roles of PCGEM1 in CaP onset/progression, especially in these high-risk groups [2].
• PCGEM1 overexpression in LNCaP and in NIH3T3 cells promotes cell proliferation and a dramatic increase in colony formation, suggesting a biological role of PCGEM1 in cell growth regulation [2].

Biological context of PCGEM1

• Regulation of apoptosis by a prostate-specific and prostate cancer-associated noncoding gene, PCGEM1 [3].
• Upregulation of expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), Survivin, DD3 and PCGEM1 mRNAs in PCa lesions has recently been described [4].

Anatomical context of PCGEM1

• Further, increased PCGEM1 expression associates with normal prostate epithelial cells of CaP patients with a family history of CaP (P=0.0400) [2].
• Functional study of PCGEM1 demonstrated a marked increase in colony formation in LNCaP prostate cancer cells and NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells [3].

Associations of PCGEM1 with chemical compounds

• This study demonstrates that PCGEM1 overexpression in LNCaP cell culture model results in the inhibition of apoptosis induced by doxorubicin (DOX) [3].

Other interactions of PCGEM1

• Noncoding RNAs such as PCA3/DD3 and PCGEM1 have been identified in prostate cancer cells [5].
• Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, Survivin, DD3 and PCGEM1 messenger RNA in archival prostate carcinoma tissue [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of PCGEM1

• Multiple tissue Northern blot analysis revealed that PCGEM1 was expressed exclusively in human prostate tissue [1].
• Analysis of PCGEM1 expression in matched normal and primary tumor specimens revealed tumor-associated overexpression in 84% of patients with prostate cancer by in situ hybridization assay and in 56% of patients by reverse transcription-PCR assay [1].

References