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MeSH Review

Reinforcement Schedule

 
 
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Psychiatry related information on Reinforcement Schedule

 

High impact information on Reinforcement Schedule

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Reinforcement Schedule

  • In a second experiment, similar combinations of ethanol and amphetamine were administered to rats lever-pressing for food pellets under a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule [7].
  • Response-contingent infusions of cocaine (at unit doses of 0.15, 0.30 and 0.60 mg/kg/infusion) and d-amphetamine (at unit doses of 0.05 and 0.10 mg/kg/infusion) were available during daily 4-h sessions on a FR1 reinforcement schedule [8].
  • Response decrements in an operant task produced by either extinction or by the dopamine receptor blocker pimozide were examined in three experiments which employed intermittent reinforcement schedules [9].
  • In mice trained to lever press under a fixed-ratio (FR) 20 reinforcement schedule, NPC 17742 was 6.2 times more potent than NPC 12626 and equipotent with the competitive NMDA antagonist [E]-2-amino-4-methyl-5-phosphono-3-penteneoic acid (CGP 37849) in reducing rates of responding [10].
  • The results are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that the neurochemical pathways by which reinforcement schedules modify behaviour include a step influenced by benzodiazepine receptors [11].
 

Biological context of Reinforcement Schedule

 

Gene context of Reinforcement Schedule

References

  1. Ethanol as a reinforcer for rats: effects of concurrent access to water and alternate positions of water and ethanol. Meisch, R.A., Beardsley, P. Psychopharmacologia. (1975) [Pubmed]
  2. Food deprivation increases oral and intravenous drug intake in rats. Carroll, M.E., France, C.P., Meisch, R.A. Science (1979) [Pubmed]
  3. Electrophysiological and pharmacological evidence for the role of the nucleus accumbens in cocaine self-administration in freely moving rats. Chang, J.Y., Sawyer, S.F., Lee, R.S., Woodward, D.J. J. Neurosci. (1994) [Pubmed]
  4. Lack of CB1 cannabinoid receptor impairs cocaine self-administration. Soria, G., Mendizábal, V., Touriño, C., Robledo, P., Ledent, C., Parmentier, M., Maldonado, R., Valverde, O. Neuropsychopharmacology (2005) [Pubmed]
  5. Effect of methamphetamine self-administration on tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter levels in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine pathways of the rat. Shepard, J.D., Chuang, D.T., Shaham, Y., Morales, M. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (2006) [Pubmed]
  6. Naloxone effects on sucrose-motivated behavior. Cleary, J., Weldon, D.T., O'Hare, E., Billington, C., Levine, A.S. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1996) [Pubmed]
  7. Ethanol-amphetamine interaction effects on spontaneous motor activity and fixed-interval responding. Duncan, P.M., Cook, N.J. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1981) [Pubmed]
  8. Intravenous self-administration of cocaine and norcocaine by dogs. Risner, M.E., Jones, B.E. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1980) [Pubmed]
  9. Extinction and dopamine receptor blockade after intermittent reinforcement training: failure to observe functional equivalence. Tombaugh, T.N., Anisman, H., Tombaugh, J. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1980) [Pubmed]
  10. Behavioral pharmacology of NPC 17742, a competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. Willetts, J., Clissold, D.B., Hartman, T.L., Brandsgaard, R.R., Hamilton, G.S., Ferkany, J.W. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1993) [Pubmed]
  11. Effects of RO 15-1788 on a running response rewarded on continuous or partial reinforcement schedules. Hawkins, M., Sinden, J., Martin, I., Gray, J.A. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1988) [Pubmed]
  12. Fixed-ratio schedules of oral ethanol self-administration in inbred mouse strains. Elmer, G.I., Meisch, R.A., Goldberg, S.R., George, F.R. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1988) [Pubmed]
  13. Prenatal ethanol effects on reward efficacy for adult mice are gestation stage specific. Middaugh, L.D., Gentry, G.D. Neurotoxicology and teratology. (1992) [Pubmed]
  14. Long-term retention of classical eyeblink conditioning in amnesia. Schugens, M.M., Daum, I. Neuroreport (1999) [Pubmed]
  15. Effect of reinforcement on facial responsivity and persistence in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Wigal, T., Swanson, J.M., Douglas, V.I., Wigal, S.B., Wippler, C.M., Cavoto, K.F. Behavior modification. (1998) [Pubmed]
  16. Effects of neuropeptide Y, insulin, 2-deoxyglucose, and food deprivation on food-motivated behavior. Jewett, D.C., Cleary, J., Levine, A.S., Schaal, D.W., Thompson, T. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1995) [Pubmed]
  17. The effects of scopolamine on extinction and spontaneous recovery. Morley, B.J., Russin, R. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1978) [Pubmed]
  18. Effect of runway training on rat brain tyrosine hydroxylase: differential effect of continuous and partial reinforcement schedules. Boarder, M.R., Feldon, J., Gray, J.A., Fillenz, M. Neurosci. Lett. (1979) [Pubmed]
  19. Motivational influences underlying prolactin-induced feeding in doves (Streptopelia risoria). Gamoke, C.A., Moore, J.C., Buntin, J.D. Behav. Neurosci. (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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