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MeSH Review:

Hepatitis Delta Virus

Robertson, H.D. et al., Leung, N., McFarlane, I.G. et al., Bortolotti, F. et al., Purcell, R.H. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of Hepatitis Delta Virus

Finally, 4 (7.5%) patients experienced a mild increase of alanine aminotransferase levels several months after seroconversion in the absence of hepatitis B virus replication or of delta virus superinfection [1].
Sera of patients with chronic hepatitis delta virus infection stained the nuclear periphery in indirect immunofluorescence [2].
Sera from 31 patients with chronic hepatitis delta virus infection and 18 patients with acute hepatitis delta virus infection were examined for IgA class antibodies to this virus using a newly developed enzyme immunoassay [3].
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and delta agent in parenteral drug abusers. Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine [4].
Hepatitis D (delta agent) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and liver disease in Senegal [5].

High impact information on Hepatitis Delta Virus

The sera of 46 Italian patients with chronic hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection were analyzed for HDV RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification [6].
This is the first direct evidence for contamination of antihemophilic factor with the delta agent and confirms previous seroepidemiologic evidence for its presence in pooled plasma derivatives [7].
Surprisingly, highly purified delta agent RNA preparations from which all traces of contaminating dsRNA have been removed activate PKR, the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase activity of mammalian cells (also known as DAI, P1-eIF-2, and p68 kinase) [8].
Interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor and gamma-interferon synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in chronic hepatitis delta virus infection [9].
Delta agent and the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma [10].

Biological context of Hepatitis Delta Virus

Many other factors may be involved including viral-induced alterations in p53 and telemerase, HBV genotypes, co-infection with HCV or delta agents, patient's lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol excesses, and genetic factors of the host patient [11].

Anatomical context of Hepatitis Delta Virus

Chronic hepatitis delta virus infection is associated with the presence of autoantibodies to rat forestomach and thymus in approximately 60% of patients' sera [12].

Gene context of Hepatitis Delta Virus

Viral hepatitis in the 1990s, Part II: Hepatitis B and delta virus [13].
Alpha-interferon (IFN) has been used to treat hepatitis B virus carriers with chronic hepatitis Delta virus superinfection [14].

References

Long-term outcome of chronic type B hepatitis in patients who acquire hepatitis B virus infection in childhood. Bortolotti, F., Cadrobbi, P., Crivellaro, C., Guido, M., Rugge, M., Noventa, F., Calzia, R., Realdi, G. Gastroenterology (1990) [Pubmed]
Antibodies to nuclear lamin C in chronic hepatitis delta virus infection. Wesierska-Gadek, J., Penner, E., Hitchman, E., Sauermann, G. Hepatology (1990) [Pubmed]
IgA class antibodies to hepatitis delta virus antigen in acute and chronic hepatitis delta virus infections. McFarlane, I.G., Chaggar, K., Davies, S.E., Smith, H.M., Alexander, G.J., Williams, R. Hepatology (1991) [Pubmed]
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and delta agent in parenteral drug abusers. Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine. Kunches, L.M., Craven, D.E., Werner, B.G. Am. J. Med. (1986) [Pubmed]
Hepatitis D (delta agent) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and liver disease in Senegal. Cronberg, S., Hansson, B.G., Thermos, M., Moestrup, T., Sow, A.M. Liver (1984) [Pubmed]
The predominance of hepatitis delta virus genotype I among chronically infected Italian patients. Niro, G.A., Smedile, A., Andriulli, A., Rizzetto, M., Gerin, J.L., Casey, J.L. Hepatology (1997) [Pubmed]
Hepatitis B virus, hepatitis non-A, non-B virus and hepatitis delta virus in lyophilized antihemophilic factor: relative sensitivity to heat. Purcell, R.H., Gerin, J.L., Popper, H., London, W.T., Cicmanec, J., Eichberg, J.W., Newman, J., Hrinda, M.E. Hepatology (1985) [Pubmed]
Paradoxical interactions between human delta hepatitis agent RNA and the cellular protein kinase PKR. Robertson, H.D., Manche, L., Mathews, M.B. J. Virol. (1996) [Pubmed]
Interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor and gamma-interferon synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in chronic hepatitis delta virus infection. Magrin, S., Craxì, A., Carini, C., Colombo, P., di Blasi, F., Spinelli, G., Fratazzi, C., Messina, M.C., Antonelli, G., Ausiello, C. J. Hepatol. (1989) [Pubmed]
Delta agent and the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Trichopoulos, D., Day, N.E., Tzonou, A., Hadziyannis, S., Kaklamani, E., Sparos, L., Muñoz, N., Hatzakis, A. Int. J. Cancer (1987) [Pubmed]
HBV and liver cancer. Leung, N. Med. J. Malaysia (2005) [Pubmed]
Autoantibodies in chronic delta virus infection recognize a common protein of 46 kD in rat forestomach basal cell layer and stellate thymic epithelial cells. Amengual, M.J., Catalfamo, M., Pujol, A., Juarez, C., Gelpi, C., Rodriguez, J.L. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (1989) [Pubmed]
Viral hepatitis in the 1990s, Part II: Hepatitis B and delta virus. Carey, W.D., Patel, G. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine. (1992) [Pubmed]
Hepatitis delta superinfection during alpha-interferon treatment for hepatitis B. Craxì, A., Di Marco, V., Bruno, R., Fabiano, C. The Italian journal of gastroenterology. (1992) [Pubmed]

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