Disease relevance of Seroepidemiologic Studies

• The increasing seroprevalence of HIV and the increasing incidence of syphilis and use of crack cocaine mean that other women may be at similar risk of acquiring heterosexually transmitted HIV infection [1].
• Meta-analysis of seroprevalence surveys shows that horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus (ie, that occurring without apparent parenteral, sexual, or perinatal exposure) is common in areas endemic for the virus [2].
• Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gold compounds [3].
• The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and antibody to the delta agent (anti-delta) was determined for 112 parenteral drug abusers entering a methadone maintenance program [4].
• An epidemiologic and seroprevalence survey was conducted (n=830) to assess the proportion of persons exposed to hantavirus in IX Region Chile, which accounts for 25% of reported cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome [5].

Psychiatry related information on Seroepidemiologic Studies

• A seroprevalence survey of 508 intravenous (IV) drug users enrolled in methadone treatment programs in Ohio for evidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) demonstrated a positivity prevalence of 1.4% [6].

High impact information on Seroepidemiologic Studies

• RESULTS--The model estimated that a national zidovudine program in a setting with 12.5% HIV seroprevalence would reduce perinatal HIV incidence by 12% (4.9 infections per 1000 births) [7].
• A seroprevalence study comparing exposed surgical and obstetric patients with a control group showed no significant additional subclinical HB transmission [8].
• Seroepidemiological studies on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China [9].
• In contrast, the seroprevalence of p24 antibodies to HIV varied from 23% to 83% and appeared to be inversely associated with the severity of the patients' clinical symptoms [10].
• The seroprevalence of EBV-IgM and that of EBV-IgG were not associated with SLE [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Seroepidemiologic Studies

• After adjusting for age, marital status, and parity, women using the POCP had a lower HIV seroprevalence (adjusted odds ratio 0.5, 95% confidence interval 0.3-0.7) than women using DMPA [12].
• Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) seroprevalence in 68 patients with AIDS was 77% by Western blot (immunoblot) and 44% by glycoprotein G-2 immunoassay [13].
• HIV seroprevalence rates varied widely by geographic area, with rates highest in the Northeast, intermediate in the Middle Atlantic cities of Baltimore and Washington, DC, and lower in other parts of the country [14].
• HIV seroprevalence was 2.4% among exclusive methamphetamine users (98% of whom are non-IDUs) and 3.4% among opium smokers [15].
• No differences in age, race, duration of AIDS, acyclovir usage, or HSV-1 seroprevalence were found to explain differences in sensitivity [13].

Biological context of Seroepidemiologic Studies

• For seroepidemiological studies, the HPV-8 open reading frames for E1, E2, E4, E6, E7, and L1 were bacterially expressed as beta-galactosidase fusion proteins, which were purified by preparative gel electrophoresis [16].
• Laboratory and seroepidemiologic studies have suggested that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), the main binding protein for IGF-I, may be protective against colorectal cancer [17].

Anatomical context of Seroepidemiologic Studies

• The seroprevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and subjects with COPD are more likely to have a positive polymerase chain reaction for C. pneumoniae in their sputum [18].

Associations of Seroepidemiologic Studies with chemical compounds

• The cumulated risk of seroconversion due to parenteral blood exposure can be calculated as: 1-(1-fp)ny, where f is the population seroprevalence, p the chance of transmission per incident (estimated to be 0.46%), n the number of parenteral exposures per year and y the years of practice [19].
• IVDUs starting methadone maintenance in 1987-1989 had a seroprevalence rate of 22% [20].
• The most dramatic changes in seroprevalence associated with GUD occurred in patients using crack cocaine and injecting drugs [21].
• H pylori seroprevalence was no lower in patients who had been exposed to sulphasalazine than in controls or those not exposed [22].
• Overall prevalence of T. solium antibodies with EITB was 9.82%, but for those with late-onset epilepsy (onset after age 30 years), prevalence increased to 17.5% and 19% for those who originated from outside urban Medellín. Seroprevalence in individuals with mixed lesions (cysts and calcifications) was 88.2% and 64.10% in those with live cysts [23].

Gene context of Seroepidemiologic Studies

• High seroprevalence to both E6 and L1 was observed in patients with genital condylomas, but this may be due to cross-reactivity between HPV6 or 11 antibodies and the experimental HPV16 antigens [24].
• The high seroprevalence of cagA- and vacA-positive virulent H. pylori strains in an asymptomatic paediatric population indicate that such strains are common in this population and may cause characteristic H. pylori infection in Bangladesh [25].
• Use of listeriolysin O and internalin A in a seroepidemiological study of listeriosis in Swiss dairy cows [26].
• CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that TB is associated with low ANCA seroprevalence and poor specificity, with no test serum showing combined C-ANCA/anti-PR3 activity [27].
• HIV seroprevalence was 63% in wave 1, 65% in wave 2, and 42% in wave 3 ( p <.001) [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Seroepidemiologic Studies

• PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined the frequency of discontinuation of NSAIDs in 132 unselected patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending an outpatient subspecialty clinic, and the effect of gold compound use on the seroprevalence (by IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) of H. pylori infection in this population [3].
• Using sera from patients previously enrolled in two clinical trials of treatment for early Lyme disease, we evaluated a two-step approach for estimation of the seroprevalence of antibodies reactive with the etiologic agent of HGE [29].
• Whole cell lysate enzyme immunoassays vs. recombinant glycoprotein G2-based immunoassays for HSV-2 seroprevalence studies [30].
• Hyperemesis gravidarum in relation to estradiol levels, pregnancy outcome, and other maternal factors: a seroepidemiologic study [31].
• Case-control studies have shown a significantly higher seroprevalence of HBeAg in HCC cases than matched controls [32].

References