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Chemical Compound Review

Ponceau Red S     tetrasodium(4E)-3-oxo-4-[[2- sulfonato-5...

Synonyms:
 
 
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Disease relevance of Ponceau Red S

  • False low results were common in low relative molecular mass (Mr) proteinuria, especially with the biuret-tricholoroacetic acid and Ponceau S methods [1].
 

High impact information on Ponceau Red S

  • Protein samples are first separated by electrophoresis and then electroblotted to membranes, stained and destained, in an analogous manner as typically performed with Amido Black or Ponceau S dye staining of total protein profiles [2].
  • Using Western blot analysis, the ratio of Tom20 (normalized to Ponceau S) between mitochondria isolated from the anterior ischemic and posterior control wall was reduced (0.72 +/- 0.11, a.u., n = 8), whereas the mitochondrial Tom20 content was preserved by IP (1.17 +/- 0.16 a.u., n = 7, P < 0.05) [3].
  • Methods working at acid pH such as those according to Salo and Honkavaara with Ponceau S or Sedmak and Grossberg or Spector using Coomassie blue G-250 proved much better [4].
  • Investigations on monkeys have shown that the application of the acidic dye Ponceau S red or the basic dye Alcian blue to the tongue surface facilitates identification of fungiform papillae and taste buds [5].
  • Satisfactory staining was obtained with acidic Ponceau S red in 10% formalin and 10% trichloracetic acid (pH 2.5) [5].
 

Anatomical context of Ponceau Red S

  • Following 2-D separation and electrotransfer to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes nearly 100 well resolved Ponceau S stained polypeptides were readily visualized, from which, 32 adult liver S-9 and 72 HepG2 nuclear cytosolic polypeptides were subjected to N-terminal microsequencing [6].
  • Taste buds were found to stain strongly and selectively in intact papillae with highly acidic dyes such as ponceau S [7].
 

Associations of Ponceau Red S with other chemical compounds

  • Proteins were directly spotted onto pre-Ponceau S-stained nitrocellulose membranes, cross-linked with glutaraldehyde, rinsed in NaOH, restained with Ponceau S, and finished by rinsing in acid water at pH 3 [8].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ponceau Red S

  • The procedure involves adsorbing the protein onto cellulose powder, binding of Ponceau S dye by the protein, washing away excess dye, and eluting the bound dye into dilute NaOH for colorimetry [9].
  • We also demonstrated the compatibility with MALDI-MS of a new dye, MemCode, which is specifically designed for staining NC membrane-immobilized proteins and is faster and more sensitive than Ponceau-S [10].
  • We describe a staining technique, using Ponceau S in very mild conditions, by which proteins can be visualized on nitrocellulose replicas without being permanently fixed to the membrane itself, thus allowing subsequent procedures such as immunoblotting or preparative elution of the proteins to be performed [11].
  • The method is preferable to cellulose acetate electrophoresis stained with Ponceau S [12].
  • Cellulose acetate electrophoresis confirmed these findings, demonstrating an increase in the strength of the periodic acid-Schiff stain bands of the glycoproteins from the copper IUD side and a weaker Ponceau-S stain of the protein bands [13].

References

  1. Effects of low and high relative molecular protein mass on four methods for total protein determination in urine. Lim, C.W., Chisnall, W.N., Stokes, Y.M., Debnam, P.M., Crooke, M.J. Pathology. (1990) [Pubmed]
  2. Detection of phosphoproteins on electroblot membranes using a small-molecule organic fluorophore. Goodman, T., Schulenberg, B., Steinberg, T.H., Patton, W.F. Electrophoresis (2004) [Pubmed]
  3. Prevention of the ischemia-induced decrease in mitochondrial Tom20 content by ischemic preconditioning. Boengler, K., Gres, P., Cabestrero, A., Ruiz-Meana, M., Garcia-Dorado, D., Heusch, G., Schulz, R. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  4. Interference of melanin in protein determination. Borovanský, J., Melezínek, I., Budĕsínská, A. Anal. Biochem. (1986) [Pubmed]
  5. The distribution of fungiform papillae and taste buds on the human tongue. Cheng, L.H., Robinson, P.P. Arch. Oral Biol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  6. Micropreparative immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional electrophoresis in combination with protein microsequencing for the analysis of human liver proteins. Wirth, P.J., Hoang, T.N., Benjamin, T. Electrophoresis (1995) [Pubmed]
  7. Location of taste buds in intact taste papillae by a selective staining method. Brouwer, J.N., Wiersma, A. Histochemistry (1978) [Pubmed]
  8. A red-dot-blot protein assay technique in the low nanogram range. Morçöl, T., Subramanian, A. Anal. Biochem. (1999) [Pubmed]
  9. Simple procedure for measuring total protein in urine. Meola, J.M., Vargas, M.A., Brown, H.H. Clin. Chem. (1977) [Pubmed]
  10. Use of nitrocellulose membranes for protein characterization by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Luque-Garcia, J.L., Zhou, G., Sun, T.T., Neubert, T.A. Anal. Chem. (2006) [Pubmed]
  11. Reversible staining and peptide mapping of proteins transferred to nitrocellulose after separation by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Salinovich, O., Montelaro, R.C. Anal. Biochem. (1986) [Pubmed]
  12. Improved measurement of monoclonal paraproteins in serum using agarose gel electrophoresis. Dennis, P.M., Biegler, B., Papas, R. Ann. Clin. Biochem. (1987) [Pubmed]
  13. Ultrastructure of rabbit endosalpinx and glycoprotein pattern of the oviduct fluid in the presence of copper intrauterine devices. David, A., Levinsky, H., Malik, Z., Langzam, Y., Feller, N., Shaked, P., Allalouf, D. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. (1982) [Pubmed]
 
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