Disease relevance of Amhr2

• Female mice chimeric for expression of the simian virus 40 TAg under control of the MISIIR promoter develop epithelial ovarian cancer [1].
• Here, we describe the production of recombinant human MISIIR extracellular domain-human immunoglobulin Fc domain fusion proteins and their use as targets for the selection of MISIIR-specific human single-chain variable fragments (scFv) molecules from a human nonimmune scFv phage display library [2].
• Loss of MIS signalling, by mutation of MIS or MISRII, leads to the differentiation of female reproductive organs in males that can cause cryptorchidism and infertility [3].

High impact information on Amhr2

• Alk2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) blocks both the transition of MISRII expression from the coelomic epithelium to the mesenchyme and Müllerian duct regression in organ culture [4].
• To inactivate a conditional SF-1 allele in the gonads, we targeted the expression of Cre recombinase with a knock-in allele of the anti-Müllerian hormone type 2 receptor locus [5].
• Deficiency of MIS or of the MIS type II receptor, MISRII, results in abnormal reproductive development in the male due to the maintenance of the duct [6].
• The gene encoding anti-müllerian hormone type 2 receptor maps to mouse chromosome 15 [7].
• The Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor (MISIIR) is involved in Müllerian duct regression as part of the development of the male reproductive system [2].

Biological context of Amhr2

• The binding kinetics of the resulting anti-MISIIR scFv clones were characterized and two were employed as the basis for the construction of bivalent scFv:Fc antibody-based molecules [2].

Anatomical context of Amhr2

• In adult females, MISIIR is present on ovarian surface epithelium and is frequently expressed on human epithelial ovarian cancer cells [2].
• MIS signalling in the Müllerian duct is mediated by the MIS type II receptor (MISRII) that is expressed in the mesenchyme surrounding the epithelium [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Amhr2

• Both bound specifically to human ovarian carcinoma cells in flow cytometry assays and cross-reacted with mouse MISIIR [2].

References