Disease relevance of Afr2

• Exposure of Rif 7 to heat stress for 5 h in vitro resulted in a 2-log decrease in its 50% lethal dose (P < 0.02) [1].

High impact information on Afr2

• Such analyses have defined two unlinked regulatory loci, termed raf and Rif, that modulate the levels of alpha-fetoprotein in liver [2].
• Our data suggest that Afr2 regulation of AFP gene expression during liver regeneration requires the sequence between -1,010 and -838 bp and is independent of other regulatory mechanisms [3].
• However, transgene expression was not regulated by Afr2 during liver regeneration [3].
• The single-copy gene for H19 mRNA was localized to chromosome 7, and genetic crosses established that it was unlinked to either raf or Rif [4].
• Rif influences the extent of AFP mRNA induction during liver regeneration [5].

Chemical compound and disease context of Afr2

• Increases in both virulence and envelope protein levels were reversed when heat-treated cells were subsequently grown at 37 degrees C. Inhibition of protein synthesis by actinomycin D during heat stress blocked the increase in virulence of Rif 7 [1].

Biological context of Afr2

• This suggests that the Afr-2 phenotype may stem from an allelic difference in a gene regulating gene expression during liver regeneration [6].
• Transgenic mice were used to examine the role of 5' AFP regulatory regions in raf- and Rif-mediated control [5].
• We have investigated the function of each locus during L-ethionine-mediated AFP induction using adult female mice with different Rif/raf genotypes [7].
• Other stress conditions, low iron and low pH, caused similar increases in the virulence of Rif 7 [1].

Anatomical context of Afr2

• Here we show that primary hepatocytes isolated from C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J mice exhibit differential expression of the endogenous AFP gene, which was attributed to the Afr2 gene locus and indicative of a cell-autonomous mechanism [8].

Associations of Afr2 with chemical compounds

• AFP gene expression after acute diethylnitrosamine intoxication is not Afr2 regulated [9].
• Thus, Rif-dependent differences seen during liver regeneration were not seen during acute ethionine poisoning [7].

Regulatory relationships of Afr2

• The level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene expression during liver regeneration in mice is regulated by the Afr2 gene [9].

Other interactions of Afr2

• alpha-Fetoprotein gene sequences mediating Afr2 regulation during liver regeneration [3].

References