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Gene Review:

lacZ1 - beta-galactosidase

Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021

Jelesko, J.G. et al., Hofmann, K. et al., Becker, A. et al., Jiang, J. et al., Summers, M.L. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of lacZ1

The membrane topology of the Rhizobium meliloti 2011 ExoP protein involved in polymerization and export of succinoglycan was analysed by translational fusions of lacZ and phoA reporter genes to the exoP gene [1].
Sinorhizobium meliloti 104A14 was mutated with transposon Tn5B22, which creates lacZ transcriptional fusions when inserted in the correct orientation relative to the promoter [2].

High impact information on lacZ1

These were lacZ, the structural gene for beta-galactosidase; lacR, the lactose repressor gene; and two genes encoding proteins of unknown function, lacW and lacX [3].
Insertion mutants in lacW and lacZ belonged to a single genetic complementation group, and lacW appeared to lie upstream of lacZ in an operon [3].
Northern blot analysis and idhA-lacZ fusion expression studies indicate that idhA is inducible by myo-inositol [4].
By probing gene expression on Western blots and with lacZ fusions, we have identified two master regulatory genes, visN and visR, contained in one operon [5].
Mutation of R. meliloti dctD showed that it was not essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation but was needed for growth on succinate and the expression of a dctA-lacZ fusion gene in free-living cells [6].

Biological context of lacZ1

Using a lacZ fusion and insertional mutagenesis it was shown that the seven ORFs identified were all located in the same transcription unit [7].
Nevertheless, by using a recA-lacZ fusion, we have shown that expression of the recA gene of R. sphaeroides is inducible by DNA damage [8].

Associations of lacZ1 with chemical compounds

To test this hypothesis a 3-hydroxybutyrate-dehydrogenase-lacZ (bdhA-lacZ) fusion was mobilized into S. meliloti. beta-galactosidase tests revealed an overall 3.6-5.2-fold higher bdhA transcription in the presence of added biotin [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of lacZ1

A fixK-lacZ fusion presented 14-fold-reduced induction levels in microaerobic cell cultures in the presence of AICAr [10].

References

Low-molecular-weight succinoglycan is predominantly produced by Rhizobium meliloti strains carrying a mutated ExoP protein characterized by a periplasmic N-terminal domain and a missing C-terminal domain. Becker, A., Niehaus, K., Pühler, A. Mol. Microbiol. (1995) [Pubmed]
Expression and regulation of phosphate stress inducible genes in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Summers, M.L., Elkins, J.G., Elliott, B.A., McDermott, T.R. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. (1998) [Pubmed]
Genetic characterization of a Rhizobium meliloti lactose utilization locus. Jelesko, J.G., Leigh, J.A. Mol. Microbiol. (1994) [Pubmed]
A functional myo-inositol dehydrogenase gene is required for efficient nitrogen fixation and competitiveness of Sinorhizobium fredii USDA191 to nodulate soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). Jiang, G., Krishnan, A.H., Kim, Y.W., Wacek, T.J., Krishnan, H.B. J. Bacteriol. (2001) [Pubmed]
VisN and VisR are global regulators of chemotaxis, flagellar, and motility genes in Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium) meliloti. Sourjik, V., Muschler, P., Scharf, B., Schmitt, R. J. Bacteriol. (2000) [Pubmed]
Conservation between coding and regulatory elements of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium leguminosarum dct genes. Jiang, J., Gu, B.H., Albright, L.M., Nixon, B.T. J. Bacteriol. (1989) [Pubmed]
A 4.6 kb DNA region of Rhizobium meliloti involved in determining urease and hydrogenase activities carries the structural genes for urease (ureA, ureB, ureC) interrupted by other open reading frames. Miksch, G., Arnold, W., Lentzsch, P., Priefer, U.B., Pühler, A. Mol. Gen. Genet. (1994) [Pubmed]
Molecular cloning, sequence and regulation of expression of the recA gene of the phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Calero, S., Fernandez de Henestrosa, A.R., Barbé, J. Mol. Gen. Genet. (1994) [Pubmed]
Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1021 bioS and bdhA gene transcriptions are both affected by biotin available in defined medium. Hofmann, K., Heinz, E.B., Charles, T.C., Hoppert, M., Liebl, W., Streit, W.R. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (2000) [Pubmed]
A purine-related metabolite negatively regulates fixNOQP expression in Sinorhizobium meliloti by modulation of fixK expression. Soberón, M., Morera, C., Kondorosi, A., Lopez, O., Miranda, J. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. (2001) [Pubmed]

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