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Gene Review

her-1  -  Protein HER-1

Caenorhabditis elegans

 
 
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High impact information on her-1

  • Evidence from mosaic analysis of the masculinizing gene her-1 for cell interactions in C. elegans sex determination [1].
  • The activity of the first gene in the sex-determining cascade, her-1, is required for male sexual development [1].
  • We show here that SDC-2 recruits the entire dosage compensation complex to her-1, directing this X-chromosome repression machinery to silence an individual, autosomal gene [2].
  • In XO animals, tra-2 is negatively regulated by her-1, which acts cell nonautonomously [3].
  • These results suggest that mag-1 interacts with the fog, fem, and gld genes and acts independently of her-1 [4].
 

Biological context of her-1

  • Mutations in her-1 are without effect on XX animals, but the her-2 mutation prevents sperm production in both XX and XO animals, in addition to its effect on the sexual phenotype of XO animals [5].
  • These two mutations may define a binding site for negative regulators of her-1 [6].
  • Evidence from experiments examining the effect of karyotype on recombination in males sexually transformed by the her-1 mutation into XO hermaphrodites (normally XX), suggests the sexual phenotype rather than genotype determines the recombination frequency characteristic of a particular sex [7].
  • We used these effects as an assay in a deletion analysis of the two her-1 promoter regions to define potential cis-regulatory sites required for the putative titration [8].
  • To identify conserved elements in her-1 we have cloned and characterized two homologous nematode genes: one by synteny from the closely related free-living species C. briggsae (Cb-her-1) and the other, starting with a fortuitously identified expressed sequence tag, from the distantly related parasite Brugia malayi (Bm-her-1) [9].
 

Other interactions of her-1

  • If so, then regulation of sexual fate by her-1 and tra-2 might provide a general model for the coordination of groups of cells to follow a single cell fate [3].
  • The levels of these transcripts are also elevated in XX animals carrying a loss-of-function mutation in either sdc-1 or sdc-2, consistent with the proposed roles of these genes as negative regulators of her-1 [10].
  • In XX hermaphrodites, accumulation of both her-1 transcripts is repressed by the sdc genes, which in turn are negatively regulated by the xol-1 gene [8].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of her-1

  • Functional dissection of her-1 in vivo revealed DNA recognition elements required for SDC-2 binding, recruitment of the dosage compensation complex, and transcriptional repression [2].

References

  1. Evidence from mosaic analysis of the masculinizing gene her-1 for cell interactions in C. elegans sex determination. Hunter, C.P., Wood, W.B. Nature (1992) [Pubmed]
  2. A molecular link between gene-specific and chromosome-wide transcriptional repression. Chu, D.S., Dawes, H.E., Lieb, J.D., Chan, R.C., Kuo, A.F., Meyer, B.J. Genes Dev. (2002) [Pubmed]
  3. tra-2 encodes a membrane protein and may mediate cell communication in the Caenorhabditis elegans sex determination pathway. Kuwabara, P.E., Okkema, P.G., Kimble, J. Mol. Biol. Cell (1992) [Pubmed]
  4. mag-1, a homolog of Drosophila mago nashi, regulates hermaphrodite germ-line sex determination in Caenorhabditis elegans. Li, W., Boswell, R., Wood, W.B. Dev. Biol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  5. More sex-determination mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans. Hodgkin, J. Genetics (1980) [Pubmed]
  6. Sequenced alleles of the Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determining gene her-1 include a novel class of conditional promoter mutations. Perry, M.D., Trent, C., Robertson, B., Chamblin, C., Wood, W.B. Genetics (1994) [Pubmed]
  7. Sex-related differences in crossing over in Caenorhabditis elegans. Zetka, M.C., Rose, A.M. Genetics (1990) [Pubmed]
  8. Evidence for multiple promoter elements orchestrating male-specific regulation of the her-1 gene in Caenorhabditis elegans. Li, W., Streit, A., Robertson, B., Wood, W.B. Genetics (1999) [Pubmed]
  9. Homologs of the Caenorhabditis elegans masculinizing gene her-1 in C. briggsae and the filarial parasite Brugia malayi. Streit, A., Li, W., Robertson, B., Schein, J., Kamal, I.H., Marra, M., Wood, W.B. Genetics (1999) [Pubmed]
  10. Sex-specific transcriptional regulation of the C. elegans sex-determining gene her-1. Trent, C., Purnell, B., Gavinski, S., Hageman, J., Chamblin, C., Wood, W.B. Mech. Dev. (1991) [Pubmed]
 
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