Disease relevance of SH

• Identification and predicted sequence of a previously unrecognized small hydrophobic protein, SH, of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 [1].
• Although SH is shown to be a component of purified virions by immunoblotting, examination of purified rSV5DeltaSH by electron microscopy did not show an altered morphology from SV5 [2].
• Analysis of properties of rSV5DeltaSH indicated that lack of expression of SH protein did not alter the expression level of the other virus proteins, the subcellular localization of F and HN, or fusion competency as measured by lipid mixing assays and a new content mixing assay that did not require the use of vaccinia virus [2].
• Phylogenetic tree based on the 316 nucleotide region of the SH gene of the mumps virus was generated by the neighbor-joining method [3].

High impact information on SH

• Induction of apoptosis by paramyxovirus simian virus 5 lacking a small hydrophobic gene [4].
• Cell surface expression and orientation in membranes of the 44-amino-acid SH protein of simian virus 5 [5].
• Indirect immunofluorescence experiments showed that the protein is involved in the exocytotic pathway, and isolation of plasma membranes from SV5-infected cells showed an enrichment of SH, indicating that SH is transported to the infected-cell surface [5].
• A previously unrecognized gene (SH) has been identified on the virion RNA of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 between the genes for the fusion protein and the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase [1].
• The SH mRNA contains a single open reading frame which encodes a polypeptide of 44 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5,012 [1].

Biological context of SH

• The SH integral membrane protein of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 is required to block apoptosis in MDBK cells [6].
• By using the recently developed reverse genetics system for SV5, it was found that an SH-deleted SV5 (rSV5DeltaSH) could be recovered, indicating the SH protein was not essential for virus viability in tissue culture [2].
• Thus in tissue culture cells the lack of the SV5 SH protein does not confer a recognizable phenotype [2].
• To study the function of the SH protein in the SV5 virus life cycle, the SH gene was deleted from the infectious cDNA clone of the SV5 genome [2].
• A phylogenetic analysis based on SH gene sequence has shown that L-Zagreb strain does not belong to any of established mumps genotypes and that it is most similar to old, laboratory preserved European strains (1950s-1970s) [7].

Anatomical context of SH

• Mumps virus (MuV) strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and throat swabs from patients in Saitama Prefecture and Tokyo, Japan, from 1997 to 2000 were examined by analyzing the SH gene nucleotide sequence (316-nt) [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SH

• Characterization of mumps virus isolated in saitama prefecture, Japan, by sequence analysis of the SH gene [8].
• Mumps serology, salivary mumps IgM and PCR tests for the SH gene were performed on the 4 cases and on 5 control recruits who remained well [9].

References