Disease relevance of Mumps

• An immunologic profile consisting of measurements of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tumor antigen-induced inhibition of monomuclear cell migration (IMM) and skin reactivity to purified protein derivative, streptokinase-streptodornase, and mumps was assessed as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in 16 patients with colon cancer [1].
• Falls in levels of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) immunisation in the UK and the continuing debate on how to respond to this situation emphasise the importance of identifying and understanding the factors that affect the uptake of recommended childhood immunisations [2].
• MEASUREMENTS: Delayed hypersensitivity response to purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin and mumps antigen, CD4 T-lymphocyte counts, and frequency of tuberculosis [3].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial samples from 29 patients with autopsy-proven endocardial fibroelastosis were analyzed for viral genome (enterovirus, adenovirus, mumps, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus, influenza, herpes simplex virus) by use of polymerase chain reaction or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction [4].
• The tests were performed on muscle specimens (IBM, 20; acid maltase deficiency, 4; chloroquine myopathy, 2; nonweak control subjects, 5) and mumps virus-infected and uninfected HEp-2 cells [5].

High impact information on Mumps

• Although 15-minute skin reactions to schistosomal antigens remained unchanged, niridazole reduced or ablated positive 48-hour skin reactions to tuberculin (PPD), mumps and schistosome antigens in all patients tested six and 15 days after therapy began [6].
• Candida and mumps antigens resulted in significantly more positive responses than did TT or PPD [7].
• Antibodies against the mumps virus envelope glycoprotein, M-protein, and nucleoprotein could be demonstrated by immunoprecipitation and the antibody patterns in serum and CSF were similar [8].
• Iodide mumps after repeated exposure to iodinated contrast media [9].
• To our knowledge, this is the first report of mumps virus infection related to a disorder similar to juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mumps

• The inability of MV to up-regulate HLA class I expression on the neuronal cell line IMR-32 was not virus specific because similar findings were observed with mumps virus or stimulation with the synthetic dsRNA polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (PIPC) [11].
• The antibody and cell-mediated immune response to mumps virus infection was studied in groups of subjects after natrually acquired mumps virus infection, after parenteral immunization with live attenuated mumps vaccine, and in a population of mumps seronegative subjects [12].
• Depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity is demonstrated by skin tests using tuberculin, mumps, pertussis, trichophytin, oidiomycin, dinitrochlorobenzene and Californian keyhole limpet hemocyanin [13].
• Here, we show that the mumps virus infects Leydig cells in vitro and totally inhibits testosterone secretion and that ribavirin in mumps virus-infected Leydig cell cultures completely restores testosterone production [14].
• A diabetic survey was conducted among 1581 children (less than 16 yr of age) with mumps infection 14 mo before the survey, using a brief questionnaire combined with urinary glucose analysis [15].

Biological context of Mumps

• The mRNA of a putative small hydrophobic protein (SH) of mumps virus was identified in mumps virus-infected Vero cells, and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined by sequencing the genomic RNA and cDNA clones and partial sequencing of mRNA [16].
• mRNA sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the mumps virus small hydrophobic protein gene [16].
• STAT3 ubiquitylation and degradation by mumps virus suppress cytokine and oncogene signaling [17].
• For mumps virus N, a binding site for the P protein maps to the assembly domain of N (residues 1 to 398), while no strong binding of the P protein to the tail of N was detected [18].
• It has been reported that mumps virus protein V or the C-terminal Cys-rich region of protein V (Vsp) is associated with blocking of the interferon (IFN) signal transduction pathway through a decrease in STAT-1 production [19].

Anatomical context of Mumps

• METHODS: We studied in vitro lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin 2 (IL-2) secretion in response to a common antigen (mumps), N-IgG, Cl-IgG, and heat-aggregated IgG (H-IgG) (control) in 15 normal blood donors and 16 RA patients not receiving immunosuppressive drugs [20].
• Anti-virus antibodies (e.g., Coxsackie B1-6, mumps, cytomegalovirus), islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR were determined in 74 IDDM patients (38 males, 36 females) and in controls [21].
• In the continual presence of these agents, human mononuclear leukocyte responses to the antigens tuberculin PPD, Candida albicans, and mumps were significantly reduced [22].
• Inhibition of protein synthesis by puromycin after infection rapidly stimulated the production of mumps virus only in liver cells [23].
• In this study, we have developed a reverse transcription (RT)-nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR) for the detection of mumps virus RNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with neurological infections [24].

Gene context of Mumps

• Like other paramyxoviruses in the genus Rubulavirus, mumps virus catalyzes the proteasomal degradation of cellular STAT1 protein, a means for escaping antiviral responses initiated by alpha/beta and gamma interferons [17].
• We demonstrate that mumps virus also eliminates cellular STAT3, a protein that mediates transcriptional responses to cytokines, growth factors, nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, and a variety of oncogenic stimuli [17].
• Simian virus 5 (SV5) targets STAT1, human parainfluenza virus 2 targets STAT2, and mumps virus targets both STAT1 and STAT3 [25].
• We have defined the T cell reactivities to measles and mumps virus and to MAG in an immunospot assay which is based on the detection of secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by single cells upon stimulation with specific antigen in short term cultures [26].
• Mumps viral antigen induced primarily IFN-alpha regardless of the immunological status of the donor [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mumps

• BACKGROUND: We undertook an epidemiological study to investigate whether measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine may be causally associated with autism [28].
• The viral etiology of measles- or rubella-like illnesses after MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccination was studied prospectively in 993 acutely ill Finnish children with fever and rash in 1983-1995 [29].
• A reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to detect the small hydrophobic (SH) gene of mumps virus (MuV) [30].
• Sequence analysis of the mumps virus mRNA encoding the P protein [31].
• Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the mumps virus gene encoding the L protein and the trailer sequence [32].

References