Disease relevance of cro

• Incubation of UV-irradiated plasmid DNA with a protein extract prepared from Escherichia coli cells led to the production of mutations in the cro gene residing on the plasmid [1].
• The Ner protein of bacteriophage Mu acts as a lambda cro-like negative regulator of the phage's early (transposase) operon [2].
• The specific complex between the lambda phage OR3 operator and the Cro protein has been studied by proton NMR spectroscopy at 500 MHz [3].

High impact information on cro

• This reaction required, in addition to pol V, UmuD', RecA, and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein. pol V produced point mutations at a frequency of 2.1 x 10(-4) per nucleotide (2.1% per cro gene), 41-fold higher than DNA polymerase III holoenzyme [4].
• This was done by in vitro UV irradiation and deamination of a plasmid carrying the cro gene, followed by photoreactivation, and assaying uracils in DNA by their ability to cause Cro- mutations in an indicator strain that was deficient in uracil DNA N-glycosylase [5].
• We show that cytidine, as a free nucleoside, inhibits the binding of rho to lambda cro mRNA and is a competitive inhibitor of rho-ATPase activity with lambda cro mRNA as cofactor [6].
• This shift may be induced by a bend in the OR3 operator DNA at the GC 9 base pair to accommodate the operator for the binding of the Cro protein dimer [3].
• The 434 cro protein as deduced from the DNA sequence is a highly basic protein of 71 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 8089 [7].

Biological context of cro

• However, T16A Rho was less efficient in terminating transcription than was wt Rho and had a lowered kcat for ATP hydrolysis with cro RNA as co-factor [8].
• As expected, no analogies with (dimeric) repressors and cro proteins which have the characteristic helix-turn-helix motif have been observed [9].

Anatomical context of cro

• It was demonstrated that S1-depleted ribosomes effectively translate the cro-mini-mRNA in a cell-free system [10].

Associations of cro with chemical compounds

• Exposed tyrosine residues of lambda cro repressor protein evidenced by nitration and photo CIDNP experiments [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of cro

• Unlike the functionally similar lambda cro protein, gel filtration experiments show that the native molecular mass of Mu Ner to be approx. 8 kDa [2].
• The secondary and tertiary structures of bacteriophage cro protein were studied by circular dichroism [12].

References