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Gene Review

mr  -  morula

Drosophila melanogaster

Synonyms: APC2, APC2/mr, Apc2, CG3060, Dmel\CG3060, ...
 
 
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High impact information on mr

  • In dividing cells mr mutations cause a metaphase arrest, and endo cycling nurse cells inappropriately reenter mitosis in mr mutants [1].
  • The mr mutants further indicate that transient mitotic functions in endo cycles change chromosome morphology from polytene to polyploid [1].
  • We show mr encodes the APC2 subunit of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome [1].
  • Oct-4 may also regulate the molecular differentiation of cells in the germ lineage as it progresses from the fertilized egg, through cleavage stage/morula blastomeres, blastocyst, inner cell mass, epiblast, germ cells, and gametes [2].
  • Embryonic S-M cycles and the archetypal (G1-S-G2-M) cell cycle are both arrested in metaphase in different morula mutants [3].
 

Biological context of mr

  • In the embryo, the expression of XBMP-1 increased gradually from the morula to the swimming tadpole stages [4].
 

Other interactions of mr

  • Consistent with this, we found cyclin B protein to be inappropriately present in morula mutant nurse cells [3].
  • Thus morula serves a dual function as a cell cycle regulator that promotes exit from mitosis and maintains the absence of mitosis during the endo cycle, possibly by activating the cyclin destruction machinery [3].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of mr

  • Northern blotting revealed that the mRNA for HpCycE is maintained at a high level up to the morula stage and thereafter declines [5].

References

  1. The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome is required during development for modified cell cycles. Kashevsky, H., Wallace, J.A., Reed, B.H., Lai, C., Hayashi-Hagihara, A., Orr-Weaver, T.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2002) [Pubmed]
  2. In line with our ancestors: Oct-4 and the mammalian germ. Pesce, M., Gross, M.K., Schöler, H.R. Bioessays (1998) [Pubmed]
  3. The Drosophila gene morula inhibits mitotic functions in the endo cell cycle and the mitotic cell cycle. Reed, B.H., Orr-Weaver, T.L. Development (1997) [Pubmed]
  4. XBMP-1B (Xtld), a Xenopus homolog of dorso-ventral polarity gene in Drosophila, modifies tissue phenotypes of ventral explants. Lin, J.J., Maeda, R., Ong, R.C., Kim, J., Lee, L.M., Kung, H., Maéno, M. Dev. Growth Differ. (1997) [Pubmed]
  5. Cloning of cyclin E cDNA of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Kurokawa, D., Akasaka, K., Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo, K., Shimada, H. Zool. Sci. (1997) [Pubmed]
 
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