Disease relevance of GLR1

• We performed a phylogenetic analysis with extensive annotations of the iGluR gene family, which includes all 20 Arabidopsis GLR genes, the entire iGluR family from rat (except NR3), and two prokaryotic iGluRs, Synechocystis GluR0 and Anabaena GluR [1].

High impact information on GLR1

• Calcium Entry Mediated by GLR3.3, an Arabidopsis Glutamate Receptor with a Broad Agonist Profile [2].
• Using a multiscale docking algorithm in combination with a molecular model of the ligand-binding domain of plant GLRs, evidence is provided indicating that glycine, and not glutamate, is likely to be the natural ligand for most plant GLR subunits [3].
• Previously, glycine has not been implicated in plant GLR activity or any other aspect of plant signalling [3].
• Upon the completion of the Arabidopsis genome sequencing project, a large family of GLR genes has been uncovered [1].
• To understand the role of Arabidopsis glutamate receptor-like (AtGLR) genes in plants, we have taken a pharmacological approach by examining the effects of BMAA [S(+)-beta-methyl-alpha, beta-diaminopropionic acid], a cycad-derived iGluR agonist, on Arabidopsis morphogenesis [4].

Biological context of GLR1

• Numerous glutamate receptor-like (GLR) genes have been identified in plant genomes, and plant GLRs are predicted, on the basis of sequence homology, to retain ligand-binding and ion channel activity [5].

Anatomical context of GLR1

• Aluminum rapidly depolymerizes cortical microtubules and depolarizes the plasma membrane: evidence that these responses are mediated by a glutamate receptor [6].

Associations of GLR1 with chemical compounds

• Seed germination, which was inhibited by an animal ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-[1H,4H]-dione, was restored by co-incubation with an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis, fluridone [7].
• The putative glutamate receptor 1.1 (AtGLR1.1) in Arabidopsis thaliana regulates abscisic acid biosynthesis and signaling to control development and water loss [7].
• Moreover, phylogenetic analyses using both parsimony and neighbor joining indicated that the divergence of animal iGluRs and plant GLR genes predated the divergence of iGluR subtypes (NMDA vs. AMPA/KA) in animals [8].

Other interactions of GLR1

• We have identified a homolog of the mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptor genes in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGluR2) [9].

References