Constitutive and induced expression of DC-SIGN on dendritic cell and macrophage subpopulations in situ and in vitro.
DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin, highly expressed on the surface of immature dendritic cells (DCs), that mediates efficient infection of T cells in trans by its ability to bind HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV. In addition, the ability of DC-SIGN to bind adhesion molecules on surfaces of naïve T cells and endothelium also suggests its involvement in T-cell activation and DC trafficking. To gain further insights into the range of expression and potential functions of DC-SIGN, we performed a detailed analysis of DC-SIGN expression in adult and fetal tissues and also analyzed its regulated expression on cultured DCs and macrophages. First, we show that DC-SIGN expression is restricted to subsets of immature DCs in tissues and on specialized macrophages in the placenta and lung. There were no overt differences between DC-SIGN expression in adult and fetal tissues except that DC-SIGN expression in alveolar macrophages was only present after birth. Similarly, in tissues, DC-SIGN was observed primarily on immature (CD83-negative) DCs. Secondly, in the peripheral blood, we found expression of DC-SIGN on a small subset of BDCA-2+ plasmacytoid DC precursors (pDC2), concordant with our finding of large numbers of DC-SIGN-positive cells in allergic nasal polyps (previously shown to be infiltrated by DC2). Triple-label confocal microscopy indicated that DC-SIGN was colocalized with BDCA-2 and CD123 on DCs in nasal polyp tissue. Consistent with this finding is our observation that DC-SIGN can be up-regulated on monocyte-derived macrophages upon exposure to the Th2 cytokine, IL-13. In summary, our data demonstrate the relevant populations of DC and macrophages that express DC-SIGN in vivo where it may impact the efficiency of virus infection and indicate that DC-SIGN expression may be involved in the Th2 axis of immunity.[1]References
- Constitutive and induced expression of DC-SIGN on dendritic cell and macrophage subpopulations in situ and in vitro. Soilleux, E.J., Morris, L.S., Leslie, G., Chehimi, J., Luo, Q., Levroney, E., Trowsdale, J., Montaner, L.J., Doms, R.W., Weissman, D., Coleman, N., Lee, B. J. Leukoc. Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
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