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Chemical Compound Review:

CADMIUM cadmium

Synonyms: Kadmium, cadmio, CCRIS 112, AGN-PC-00JHJW, HSDB 282, ...

Liu, J. et al., Guiet-Bara, A. et al., Eichhorn, M. et al., Shworak, N.W. et al., Weber, M. et al.

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High impact information on cadmium

In the presence of Cd2+, MT-IG promoter activity and endogenous mRNA level were, respectively, 4.7- and 3-fold greater than those of MT-IF [1].
The hyperaccumulation of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) is a constitutive property of the metallophyte Arabidopsis halleri [2].
The increased cytosolic Cd was found primarily bound to a low-molecular-weight protein, metallothionein (MT). alpha-Hed (10-300 mumol/kg, sc) produced a dose-dependent increase in hepatic MT with a 100-fold increase over controls 24 hr after a single injection of 100 mumol/kg, as determined by the Cd/hemoglobin assay [3].
However, there was a marked alteration in subcellular distribution of Cd in the alpha-Hed-pretreated mice, with much less Cd distributing to nuclei, mitochondria, and microsomes and more in the cytosol [3].
Two vectors were constructed, in which part of the bovine IL2R alpha-chain cDNA was inserted in either a sense or antisense orientation in the plasmid pHS1-CAT, which is expressed by induction of the human metallothionein IIA (hMT-IIA) with cadmium (Cd2+) [4].

Biological context of cadmium

Measurement of the ratio between the volume of the intercellular space (R1), the microvilli (R2), the podocytes (R3), and the nucleus (R4) versus the cell volume indicates the effects of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) on the ultrastructure of the human epithelial cells [5].

Anatomical context of cadmium

The addition of MgCl2 to the bathing medium antagonizes the effect of Cd on the intercellular space, of Pb on the microvilli, and of As on nucleus [5].

References

Distinct TATA motifs regulate differential expression of human metallothionein I genes MT-IF and MT-IG. Shworak, N.W., O'Connor, T., Wong, N.C., Gedamu, L. J. Biol. Chem. (1993) [Pubmed]
Comparative microarray analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis halleri roots identifies nicotianamine synthase, a ZIP transporter and other genes as potential metal hyperaccumulation factors. Weber, M., Harada, E., Vess, C., Roepenack-Lahaye, E., Clemens, S. Plant J. (2004) [Pubmed]
Induction of metallothionein by alpha-hederin. Liu, J., Choudhuri, S., Liu, Y., Kreppel, H., Andrews, G.K., Klaassen, C.D. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (1993) [Pubmed]
Partial inhibition of Theileria parva-infected T-cell proliferation by antisense IL2R alpha-chain RNA expression. Eichhorn, M., Dobbelaere, D. Res. Immunol. (1995) [Pubmed]
Toxic metals and human amniotic ion permeability. II. Ultrastructural study and relationship with magnesium. Guiet-Bara, A., Bara, M., Durlach, J. Magnesium research : official organ of the International Society for the Development of Research on Magnesium. (1991) [Pubmed]

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