Disease relevance of Tinopal AMS

• Covert infection with Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, detected by reverse transcription-PCR of virus gene transcripts (ie-0 and polh), was not significantly affected by the presence of an optical brightener (Tinopal UNPA-GX), indicating no change in virus virulence [1].
• We here show that UV-excited fluorescent whitening agents, in particular Tinopal CBS-X, are effective stains for both vegetative microbial cells and for spores of Gram-positive bacteria [2].
• The peroral inoculation of BmNPV budded particles by Tinopal leads to industrial pharmaceutics production using a baculovirus vector for a huge number of insect hosts, i.e. an 'insect factory' [3].
• An in vitro assay of the transcription of calf-thymus DNA by purified E. coli RNA polymerase showed that this process was inhibited by Tinopal AN [4].

High impact information on Tinopal AMS

• We also demonstrate that electrostatic interactions play an important role in the dye-medium interaction, through the analysis of absorption spectra of Congo red and fluorescence spectra of tinopal in aqueous solutions containing salt and in layer-by-layer nanostructured films with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) [5].
• Percutaneous absorption and disposition of Tinopal EMS [6].
• At the end of the long-term experiment, debilitating effects on pupal weight, adult fecundity, and longevity were observed in the insects exposed to Tinopal LPW alone or in mixtures with SfMNPV, but the pattern of such effects among treatments differed in each generation [7].
• When mixed with viral occlusion bodies (OB) 1% Tinopal LPW significantly reduced the median lethal dose (LD50) of the virus in all instars compared with insects treated with SeMNPV alone [8].
• The influence of an optical brightener, Tinopal LPW, on the activity of a purified genotype of the nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), was determined in second to fifth instar (L2-L5) S. exigua [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Tinopal AMS

• The addition of a stilbene optical brightener, Tinopal LPW, at 1% concentration (wt:wt) significantly reduced the LC50 of the beet armyworm nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SeMNPV) from 2.9 PIB/mm2 to 0.02 PIB/mm2 [9].
• To enhance the field persistency of S. litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SLNPV), three chemicals viz. cupric ammonium nitrate, tinopal and cupric sulphate were tried as protectants (0.01 mg/ml) against natural sunlight (UV) irradiation [10].

Gene context of Tinopal AMS

• In confirmation, Tinopal AN caused an immediate cessation in inducible beta-galactosidase synthesis in the same organism [4].
• The bactericidal activity of Tinopal AN [1,1-bis(3,N-5-dimethyl-benzoxazol-2-yl)-methine p-toluene sulphonate] was shown to be due to a mechanism entirely independent of its inhibitory effects upon NADH dehydrogenase which were reported previously [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Tinopal AMS

• The multiplication of MabrNPV in M. brassicae larvae was characterized following inoculation at various doses and in combination with the fluorescent brightener Tinopal by measuring temporal changes in the concentrations of its viral DNA using real-time quantitative PCR [11].
• The adsorption of Congo red and tinopal CBS dyes on cellulose fibers was investigated using electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies [5].

References