High impact information on Panaxadiol

• Panaxadiol selectively inhibits cyclin A-associated Cdk2 activity by elevating p21WAF1/CIP1 protein levels in mammalian cells [1].
• We show that panaxadiol (PD), a ginseng saponin with a dammarane skeleton, selectively interferes with the cell cycle in human cancer cell lines [1].
• Thus, panaxadiol-treatment induces cell death-dependent activation of Cdk2 kinase activity, which is functionally associated with depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequent cytochrome c release [2].
• Olomoucine or roscovitine, specific Cdks inhibitors, effectively prevent mitochondrial membrane depolarization as well as apoptotic cell death in panaxadiol-treated cells [2].
• Sequential activation of caspases-9, -3, and -7, but not of caspase-8, occurs after mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria of panaxadiol-treated cells [2].

Biological context of Panaxadiol

• We performed this study to determine the effect of extract of whole ginseng and ginsenosides (total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high- and low-doses of gamma-radiation [3].
• These results suggest that the panaxadiol fraction and its ginsenosides could induce the antioxidant enzymes which are important for maintaining cell viability by lowering the level of oxygen radical generated from intracellular metabolism [4].
• Transcriptional activation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and catalase genes by panaxadiol ginsenosides extracted from Panax ginseng [4].

Associations of Panaxadiol with other chemical compounds

• Capillary supercritical fluid chromatographic (SFC) method has been developed for the determination of panaxadiol and panaxatriol in ginseng and its preparations [5].

Gene context of Panaxadiol

• On normal myocardial cells, Rb1, Rb2, Rb3 20 micrograms.ml-1 inhibited the AP and spontaneous contractility, (suggesting the Ca channel blockade action of panaxadiol saponins) [6].

References