High impact information on pcna-A

• Ubiquitin/SUMO modification of PCNA promotes replication fork progression in Xenopus laevis egg extracts [1].
• Furthermore, they suggest that PCNA monoubiquitylation serves as a molecular gas pedal that controls the speed of replisome movement during S phase [1].
• The homotrimeric DNA replication protein proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is regulated by both ubiquitylation and sumoylation [1].
• Xenopus laevis PCNA is modified on lysine 164 by sumoylation, monoubiquitylation, and diubiquitylation [1].
• Thus, alkylation damage activates an inhibitor that intercepts the replication pathway at a point between the polymerase alpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen execution steps [2].

Biological context of pcna-A

• Xenopus PCNA is expressed beginning in early oogenesis and reaches a level of 3 X 10(7) transcripts per mature oocyte, whereas proliferative somatic cells contain 3 X 10(2) PCNA transcripts per cell [3].
• Proliferating cell nuclear antigen-dependent abasic site repair in Xenopus laevis oocytes: an alternative pathway of base excision DNA repair [4].
• Cip1 has also been shown to inhibit the DNA polymerase delta auxiliary factor PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), which is required for replication-fork elongation, and this could be an alternative mechanism by which p53-induced Cip1 blocks cell proliferation [5].
• Second, mitotic clusters with different PCNA distributions suggest that the onset of desynchronization of the cell cycle at this stage is not random [6].
• Nuclear distribution of PCNA during embryonic development in Xenopus laevis: a reinvestigation of early cell cycles [6].

Anatomical context of pcna-A

• The present study of spinal cord development in Eleutherodactylus coqui provides additional information about neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation and growth analyzed by immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), in situ hybridization for NeuroD, and morphometric measurements in various developmental stages [7].
• Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressed in the blastomeres appeared in the S phase nucleus, but suddenly dispersed into the cytoplasm at the M phase [8].

Associations of pcna-A with chemical compounds

• This PCNA-dependent system repaired natural AP sites as well as tetrahydrofuran residues [4].
• Although PCNA was located at sites that resembled pre-replication foci, this nuclear protein was readily solubilised when nuclei were isolated and extracted sequentially with Triton, nucleases and salts [9].
• Double immunofluorescence with anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies and biotinylated anologues of thymidine can be used to distinguish different phases of S-phase [10].

Other interactions of pcna-A

• The downstream effect of the inhibitor is a failure to recruit proliferating cell nuclear antigen, but not DNA polymerase alpha, to the nascent replication fork [2].

References