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Gene Review:

SPP1 - secreted phosphoprotein 1

Sus scrofa

White, F.J. et al., Chen, J. et al.

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High impact information on SPP1

We conclude that, in pregnant pigs, SPP1 is induced by conceptus estrogen in uterine LE and is regulated in GE in a manner coincident with CL/placental progesterone production [1].
The objective of this study was to determine steroid regulation of SPP1 mRNA and protein in porcine uterine epithelium [1].
In contrast, estrogen injection resulted in moderate but uniform SPP1 mRNA in all LE of Day 15 nonpregnant gilts, with expression maintained through Day 90 of pseudopregnancy [1].
This study focused on the pig, which has true epitheliochorial placentation and exhibits induction of SPP1 mRNA in luminal epithelium (LE) just before conceptus attachment and in glandular epithelium (GE) after Day 30 of pregnancy [1].
Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1, commonly referred to as osteopontin and formerly known as bone sialoprotein 1, early T-lymphocyte activation 1) is an extracellular matrix/adhesion molecule that is upregulated in the pregnant uterus of all mammals examined to date [1].

Biological context of SPP1

SPP1 mRNA also localized to the GE of Day 90 pseudopregnant gilts, similar to expression in late gestation [1].

Anatomical context of SPP1

In comparison, SPP-1 (osteopontin) and SPARC (osteonectin), which are also major proteins in porcine bone, were observed in the cartilage as well as in the mineralized bone matrix [2].
Although SPP-1 distribution was more restricted than SPARC, hypertrophic chondrocytes, periosteal cells and some stromal cells in the bone marrow spaces were stained in addition to osteoblastic cells [2].
The variations in the distribution and cellular expression of BSP, SPARC and SPP-1 in bone and mineralizing cartilage indicate these proteins perform different functions in the formation and remodelling of mineralized connective tissues [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SPP1

In situ hybridization showed high expression of SPP1 mRNA only in LE contiguous with apposing conceptus tissue on Day 15 of pregnancy [1].

References

Steroid regulation of cell specific secreted phosphoprotein 1 (osteopontin) expression in the pregnant porcine uterus. White, F.J., Ross, J.W., Joyce, M.M., Geisert, R.D., Burghardt, R.C., Johnson, G.A. Biol. Reprod. (2005) [Pubmed]
Immunohistochemical localization of bone sialoprotein in foetal porcine bone tissues: comparisons with secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP-1, osteopontin) and SPARC (osteonectin). Chen, J., Zhang, Q., McCulloch, C.A., Sodek, J. Histochem. J. (1991) [Pubmed]

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