High impact information on cyc

• The molecular circadian phenotype of homozygous cyc flies is like homozygous Clk flies presented in the accompanying paper: mutant flies have little or no transcription of the per and tim genes [1].
• Cloning of the gene indicates that it also encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor and is a Drosophila homolog of the human protein BMAL1. cyc is a nonsense mutation, consistent with its strong loss-of-function phenotype [1].
• Functional Differentiation of SWI/SNF Remodelers in Transcription and Cell Cycle Control [2].
• We cloned Clock, Bmal, and Timeless homologs (apClock, apBmal, and apTimeless) from the silkmoth Antheraea pernyi, from which a Period homolog (apPeriod) has already been cloned [3].
• A robust circadian rhythm of rat BMAL1 expression was detected by in situ hybridization in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the site of the circadian clock, with the highest level at the subjective night [4].

Biological context of cyc

• Here, the Drosophila CLOCK protein was shown to induce transcription of the circadian rhythm genes period and timeless. dCLOCK functioned as a heterodimer with a Drosophila homolog of BMAL1 [5].
• The Third International Workshop on Drosophila Cell Division Cycle brought together researchers focusing on DNA replication, mitosis, meiosis, cell cycle regulation, checkpoints, asymmetric division, cell and tissue growth, and tumorgenesis [6].
• A cyclin built for two. New Approaches to Understanding Cell Cycle Regulation sponsored by the Molecular Biology and Molecular Cytology Study Sections, Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA, October 11, 1989 [7].

Anatomical context of cyc

• Antiphase circadian expression between BMAL1 and period homologue mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral tissues of rats [8].
• Transcripts encoded by the seven known mammalian canonical circadian genes (Per1-3, Cry1-2, Bmal1 and Clock), plus the mammalian genetic homologue of the Drosophila canonical gene Timeless, were detected in the uteri and oviducts taken from mice on days 1-4 of pregnancy and in unfertilized oocytes [9].

Associations of cyc with chemical compounds

• The Drosophila CLOCK (dCLOCK) and CYCLE (CYC) (also referred to as dBMAL1) proteins are members of the basic helix-loop-helix PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) superfamily of transcription factors and are required for high-level expression of the circadian clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim) [10].

Enzymatic interactions of cyc

• CKI also phosphorylates and partially activates the transcription factor BMAL1 [11].

Other interactions of cyc

• Per and Tim then associate, translocate to the nucleus, and repress the activity of Clk and Cyc [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of cyc

• Northern blot analysis was performed to investigate the expression of rat BMAL1 mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and peripheral tissues [8].
• RESULTS: Cycle sequencing of the purified PCR products did not reveal any mutation of the PH domain of PKB/AKT [13].

References