Disease relevance of Moths

• Antennae of female moths infected with BmOR-1-recombinant baculovirus showed electrophysiological responses to bombykol but not to bombykal [1].
• We studied 26 patients with Graves' disease, from a population with sufficient iodine supply, treated with high doses of methyl mercaptoimidazole (MMI) during eight moths [2].
• Cloning and sequence analysis of the Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus gp64 gene [3].
• S,S,S,-tri-n-butyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), but not piperonyl butoxide, significantly enhanced the toxicity of azinphosmethyl, suggesting that enhanced metabolism by esterases is involved in the tolerance of azinphosmethyl in moths collected from these study sties [4].

High impact information on Moths

• Moreover, several volatile compounds are released exclusively at night and are highly repellent to female moths (Heliothis virescens) [5].
• Some interneurones in the antennal lobes of female moths that have received grafts of male antennae (gynandromorphs) respond postsynaptically to stimulation with bombykal, a major component of the pheromone [6].
• Hormonal release of programmed behavior in silk moths: probable mediation by cyclic AMP [7].
• The effects of the hormone were duplicated by the injection of dibutyryl adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate, adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP), or guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) into theophylline-treated pharate moths [7].
• Circadian clock neurons in the silkmoth Antheraea pernyi: novel mechanisms of Period protein regulation [8].

Biological context of Moths

• Here we report that the Drosophila gene CG5911 encodes two functionally distinct subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors through alternative splicing (CG5911a and CG5911b) that respond preferentially to ecdysis-triggering hormones of flies and moths [9].
• The bacterially expressed recombinant pheromone binding protein (PBP) of Antheraea polyphemus was photoaffinity labeled with (6E,11Z)-[3H]hexadecadienyl diazoacetate, a photoactivatable analog of the naturally occurring acetate pheromone [10].
• As a first step to understand this neuronal plasticity, we tested the hypothesis that adult neurogenesis could occur in the moth brain using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine injections on newly born and sexually mature moths [11].
• We assessed exposures dating back to 1948 (when DDT was first used there) from pesticides applied for tree pests (e.g., gypsy moths), cranberry bogs, other agriculture, and mosquito control on wetlands [12].
• DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity of wing epidermal tissue from the silkmoth, Antheraea polyphemus, has been studied after treatment of pupae with either molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone or 20-hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone [13].

Anatomical context of Moths

• The sesquiterpene germacrene D (GD) activates a major type of olfactory receptor neuron on the antennae of the heliothine moths [14].
• Influence of thyroxine on different ion-dependent ATPase activities in fat body of tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta D [15].
• This data indicate that farnesol oxidase of the corpus allatum plays a limited role in controlling JH homolog production in moths, and suggests that another oxidative enzyme, which is present at early stages of moth development, is involved in JH homolog construction [16].
• An inhibitor of Aspergillus oryzae fungal protease was purified to homogeneity from the hemolymph of fifth instar larvae of Antheraea mylitta by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange and gel filtration (FPLC) chromatography, and termed as AmFPI-1 [17].

Associations of Moths with chemical compounds

• The biogenic amine octopamine did not elicit pheromone production in isolated gland or abdomen bioassays or when injected into intact female moths [18].
• The C10-C18 unsaturated, acyclic, aliphatic compounds that contain an oxygenated functional group (alcohol, aldehyde, or acetate ester) are a major class of sex pheromones produced by female moths [19].
• Our results contrast dramatically with the prevailing hypothesis that the large majority of late-season moths are produced from larvae feeding on cotton, soybean, and other C3 plants [20].
• In one October sample, 100% of the moths originated from C4 hosts even though C4 crops were harvested at least 1 mo earlier, and no common wild C4 hosts were available [20].
• The insecticide diflubenzuron (DFB) is commonly used in various mid-Atlantic states for suppression of gypsy moths in hardwood forests [21].

Gene context of Moths

• We cloned Clock, Bmal, and Timeless homologs (apClock, apBmal, and apTimeless) from the silkmoth Antheraea pernyi, from which a Period homolog (apPeriod) has already been cloned [22].
• The ecdysone receptor(1), which is a heterodimer of EcR and the retinoic acid receptor (RXR) homolog, Ultraspiracle (USP), has been well studied in the evolutionarily advanced and derived insects, the flies and moths [23].
• Inhibition studies revealed no apparent differences in sensitivity of AChE enzymes from resistant and susceptible moths to organophosphorus compounds (OPs), carbamate insecticides and quaternary ammonium ligands [24].
• Characterization of JDP genes, an evolutionarily conserved J domain-only protein family, from human and moths [25].
• Identification of PLC beta and PKC in pheromone receptor neurons of Antheraea polyphemus [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Moths

• Sensillum lymph perfusion experiments in the moth Antheraea polyphemus implied a solubilizer and carrier function of the pheromone-binding protein (PBP) and led to the conclusion that it is the pheromone-PBP complex which activates the postulated receptors [27].

References