Disease relevance of Actn3

• The amino acid sequence encoded by the first of these, ORF1, includes the motif CX2CX4HX4C that is characteristic of the nucleocapsid domain of retroviral gag polypeptides followed by a copy of the slightly different sequences CX2CX4HX6C and CX2CX9HX6C [1].
• The ORF1 protein expressed in either E. coli or Spodoptera cells forms high molecular weight structures that require the region of the protein including the CCHC motif for their formation [1].
• To elucidate the relationship between IF expression and female sterility, different transgenic antisense and/or sense RNAs homologous to the IF ORF1 have been expressed [2].
• The predicted amino acid sequence of ORF1 (nt 549-5936) showed significant similarity to the non-structural proteins of several animal and plant RNA viruses [3].
• The deduced amino acid sequence of the 5' ORF1 (nucleotides 605 to 6325) showed significant similarity to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, helicase, and protease domains of viruses from the picornavirus, comovirus, calicivirus, and sequivirus families, as well as to a novel group of insect-infecting RNA viruses [4].

High impact information on Actn3

• We have cloned the kelch gene and found that it encodes an unusual transcript containing two open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2) separated by a single UGA stop codon [5].
• Nuclear localization signals N1 (RRKR) and N2 (PSKRGRG) at the N terminus and a highly basic region in the center of SART1 ORF1 are involved in nuclear import and the dotted localization pattern in the nucleus, respectively [6].
• An in vivo retrotransposition assay clarified that at least three ORF1 domains, N1/N2, the central basic domain, and CCHC zinc fingers are required for SART1 retrotransposition [6].
• Targeted nuclear import of open reading frame 1 protein is required for in vivo retrotransposition of a telomere-specific non-long terminal repeat retrotransposon, SART1 [6].
• Functional analysis of the 5' region, using germ line transformation of Fex-lacZ reporter gene constructs, demonstrates that major aspects of tissue-specific Fex expression are controlled by internal cis-acting elements that lie in the putative coding region of open reading frame 1 [7].

Biological context of Actn3

• The 2959 bp HFL1 sequence predicts a 2.0 kb open reading frame (ORF1) with substantial amino acid similarity to the transposases of Activator (Ac) from maize (Zea mays) and Tam3 from snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) [8].
• The conceptual translation of Osvaldo ORF1 exhibits sequence homology to HIV1 and SIV capsid (p24) and nucleocapsid (p7) mature proteins [9].
• The predicted amino acid sequence of ORF1, representing the first 6600 nt of the RhPV genome, showed significant similarity to the nonstructural proteins of several plant and animal RNA viruses [10].
• The pol ORF2 of this mobile genetic element was demonstrated to code for an active Reverse Transcriptase (RT) and the ORF1 is expected to code for the structural Gag proteins of the virus-like particles (VLP) [11].

Anatomical context of Actn3

• High-frequency retrotransposition of a marked I factor in Drosophila melanogaster correlates with a dynamic expression pattern of the ORF1 protein in the cytoplasm of oocytes [12].

References