Disease relevance of ACX1

• Although most of the beta-oxidation genes were activated by wound-related factors such as dehydration and abscisic acid, jasmonic acid (JA) induced only ACX1 and KAT5 [1].
• Expression of AtACX1 and AtACX2 in Escherichia coli gave active enzymes for enzymatic and biochemical analysis [2].
• The present study developed a VFA biosensing system comprised of two recombinant enzymes, propionate coenzyme A (CoA) transferase (PCT) from Clostridium propionicum and acyl-CoA oxidase from Arabidopsis thaliana [3].

High impact information on ACX1

• After the discovery of AtACX3, the Arabidopsis acyl-CoA oxidase gene family now comprises four isozymes with substrate specificities that encompass the full range of acyl-CoA chain lengths that exist in vivo [4].
• In this report, we have shown that a novel acyl-CoA oxidase can oxidize short-chain acyl-CoA in plant peroxisomes [5].
• We have isolated and characterized T-DNA insertion mutants in the medium to long-chain (ACX1) and long-chain (ACX2) acyl-CoA oxidases, and show that the corresponding endogenous activities are decreased in the mutants [6].
• The peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase family plays an essential role in lipid metabolism by catalyzing the conversion of acyl-CoA into trans-2-enoyl-CoA during fatty acid beta-oxidation [7].
• Here, we report the X-ray structure of the FAD-containing Arabidopsis thaliana acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACX1), the first three-dimensional structure of a plant acyl-CoA oxidase [7].

Associations of ACX1 with chemical compounds

• Reduced expression of ACX1 or KAT2 genes, in transgenic plants expressing their corresponding mRNAs in antisense orientation, correlated with defective wound-activated synthesis of JA and with reduced expression of JA-responsive genes [1].
• Moreover, acx1 acx2 double mutants display enhanced IBA resistance and are sucrose dependent during seedling development, whereas acx1 acx3 and acx1 acx5 double mutants display enhanced IBA resistance but remain sucrose independent [8].
• To eliminate the possibility that post-translational mechanisms are responsible for the observed increases in enzyme activity acyl-CoA oxidase activity was also measured in leaves of MCTE-expressing plants using medium and long chain acyl-CoA substrates [9].

Other interactions of ACX1

• Mechanical damage triggered the local and systemic induction of only ACX1 among acyl-coenzyme A oxidase (ACX) genes, and KAT2/PED1 among 3-ketoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase (KAT) genes in Arabidopsis [1].
• We used positional cloning to determine that one mutant is defective in ACX1 and two are defective in ACX3, two of the six Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA oxidase (ACX) genes [8].

References