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Gene Review

Chst3  -  carbohydrate (chondroitin 6)...

Rattus norvegicus

Synonyms: C6ST-1, Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3, Chondroitin 6-O-sulfotransferase 1, GST-0, Galactose/N-acetylglucosamine/N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase 0
 
 
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Disease relevance of Chst3

  • Treatment with TGFalpha and TGFbeta, which are released after brain injury, promotes the expression of C6ST1 and the synthesis of 6-sulphated CS-GAGs in primary astrocytes [1].
 

High impact information on Chst3

  • We have cloned the cDNA of the C6ST-1 gene (C6st1) (GenBank accession number AF178689) from crushed sciatic nerves of adult rats and produced ribonucleotide probes accordingly to track signs of 6-sulphated chondroitins at the site of injury [2].
  • The differential increase in 6-sulphated chondroitins during axonal growth in both crushed sciatic nerves and brain development suggests that chondroitin 6-sulphotransferase-1 (C6ST-1) is a key enzyme that mediates cell migration in the process [2].
  • Sciatic nerve crush provided further evidence of in vivo upregulation of the C6ST-1 gene in mobile Schwann cells that guided axonal regrowth 1-14 days post crush; downregulation then accompanied declining mobility of Schwann cells as they engaged in the myelination of re-growing axons [2].
  • C4ST-1 (chondroitin 4-sulphotransferase-1) and C6ST-1 (chondroitin 6-sulphotransferase-1) transfer sulphate from PAPS (adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulphate) to positions 4 and 6 respectively of the GalNAc residues of chondroitin [3].
  • On the other hand, when [35S]glycosaminoglycans formed from DSDS after incubation with [35S]PAPS and C6ST-1 were digested with chondroitinase ACII, a major part of the radioactivity was recovered in fractions larger than hexasaccharides, indicating that C6ST-1 transferred sulphate to the GalNAc residues located in the L-iduronic acid-rich region [3].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Chst3

References

  1. Chondroitin 6-sulphate synthesis is up-regulated in injured CNS, induced by injury-related cytokines and enhanced in axon-growth inhibitory glia. Properzi, F., Carulli, D., Asher, R.A., Muir, E., Camargo, L.M., van Kuppevelt, T.H., ten Dam, G.B., Furukawa, Y., Mikami, T., Sugahara, K., Toida, T., Geller, H.M., Fawcett, J.W. Eur. J. Neurosci. (2005) [Pubmed]
  2. Upregulation of chondroitin 6-sulphotransferase-1 facilitates Schwann cell migration during axonal growth. Liu, J., Chau, C.H., Liu, H., Jang, B.R., Li, X., Chan, Y.S., Shum, D.K. J. Cell. Sci. (2006) [Pubmed]
  3. Chondroitin 4-sulphotransferase-1 and chondroitin 6-sulphotransferase-1 are affected differently by uronic acid residues neighbouring the acceptor GalNAc residues. Yamada, T., Ohtake, S., Sato, M., Habuchi, O. Biochem. J. (2004) [Pubmed]
 
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