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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Astrocytes

 
 
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Disease relevance of Astrocytes

 

Psychiatry related information on Astrocytes

 

High impact information on Astrocytes

  • Neither Olig gene is required for astrocytes [11].
  • We find that in addition to inducing neurogenesis, the bHLH transcription factor neurogenin (Ngn1) inhibits the differentiation of neural stem cells into astrocytes [12].
  • Here we transfer, in a tissue-specific manner, genes encoding activated forms of Ras and Akt to astrocytes and neural progenitors in mice [13].
  • In fact, ageing of the central nervous system in diverse mammalian species shares many features, such as atrophy of pyramidal neurons, synaptic atrophy, decrease of striatal dopamine receptors, accumulation of fluorescent pigments, cytoskeletal abnormalities, and reactive astrocytes and microglia [14].
  • This germinal region, which continually generates new neurons destined for the olfactory bulb, is composed of four cell types: migrating neuroblasts, immature precursors, astrocytes, and ependymal cells [1].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Astrocytes

 

Biological context of Astrocytes

 

Anatomical context of Astrocytes

 

Associations of Astrocytes with chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Astrocytes

  • Apolipoprotein E promotes astrocyte colocalization and degradation of deposited amyloid-beta peptides [6].
  • EIF2B5 mutations compromise GFAP+ astrocyte generation in vanishing white matter leukodystrophy [34].
  • These effects were relatively specific; GDNF did not increase total neuron or astrocyte numbers nor did it increase transmitter uptake by gamma-aminobutyric-containing and serotonergic neurons [35].
  • LIF and BMP2 were found to act in synergy on primary fetal neural progenitor cells to induce astrocytes [36].
  • We have investigated the role of EGFR mutation in gliomagenesis, using avian retroviral vectors to transfer a mutant EGFR gene to glial precursors and astrocytes in transgenic mice expressing tv-a, a gene encoding the retrovirus receptor [37].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Astrocytes

References

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  6. Apolipoprotein E promotes astrocyte colocalization and degradation of deposited amyloid-beta peptides. Koistinaho, M., Lin, S., Wu, X., Esterman, M., Koger, D., Hanson, J., Higgs, R., Liu, F., Malkani, S., Bales, K.R., Paul, S.M. Nat. Med. (2004) [Pubmed]
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  19. Metabolic inhibition induces opening of unapposed connexin 43 gap junction hemichannels and reduces gap junctional communication in cortical astrocytes in culture. Contreras, J.E., Sánchez, H.A., Eugenin, E.A., Speidel, D., Theis, M., Willecke, K., Bukauskas, F.F., Bennett, M.V., Sáez, J.C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2002) [Pubmed]
  20. Inhibition by anandamide of gap junctions and intercellular calcium signalling in striatal astrocytes. Venance, L., Piomelli, D., Glowinski, J., Giaume, C. Nature (1995) [Pubmed]
  21. Differential tumor necrosis factor alpha expression by astrocytes from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis-susceptible and -resistant rat strains. Chung, I.Y., Norris, J.G., Benveniste, E.N. J. Exp. Med. (1991) [Pubmed]
  22. Role of p75 neurotrophin receptor in the neurotoxicity by beta-amyloid peptides and synergistic effect of inflammatory cytokines. Perini, G., Della-Bianca, V., Politi, V., Della Valle, G., Dal-Pra, I., Rossi, F., Armato, U. J. Exp. Med. (2002) [Pubmed]
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  25. Activation of microglial cells by beta-amyloid protein and interferon-gamma. Meda, L., Cassatella, M.A., Szendrei, G.I., Otvos, L., Baron, P., Villalba, M., Ferrari, D., Rossi, F. Nature (1995) [Pubmed]
  26. The small heat-shock protein alpha B-crystallin as candidate autoantigen in multiple sclerosis. van Noort, J.M., van Sechel, A.C., Bajramovic, J.J., el Ouagmiri, M., Polman, C.H., Lassmann, H., Ravid, R. Nature (1995) [Pubmed]
  27. Chronic brain inflammation and persistent herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase expression in survivors of syngeneic glioma treated by adenovirus-mediated gene therapy: implications for clinical trials. Dewey, R.A., Morrissey, G., Cowsill, C.M., Stone, D., Bolognani, F., Dodd, N.J., Southgate, T.D., Klatzmann, D., Lassmann, H., Castro, M.G., Löwenstein, P.R. Nat. Med. (1999) [Pubmed]
  28. Selective inhibition of neurite outgrowth on mature astrocytes by Thy-1 glycoprotein. Tiveron, M.C., Barboni, E., Pliego Rivero, F.B., Gormley, A.M., Seeley, P.J., Grosveld, F., Morris, R. Nature (1992) [Pubmed]
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  30. Tubulovesicular processes emerge from trans-Golgi cisternae, extend along microtubules, and interlink adjacent trans-golgi elements into a reticulum. Cooper, M.S., Cornell-Bell, A.H., Chernjavsky, A., Dani, J.W., Smith, S.J. Cell (1990) [Pubmed]
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  33. Prostaglandins stimulate calcium-dependent glutamate release in astrocytes. Bezzi, P., Carmignoto, G., Pasti, L., Vesce, S., Rossi, D., Rizzini, B.L., Pozzan, T., Volterra, A. Nature (1998) [Pubmed]
  34. EIF2B5 mutations compromise GFAP+ astrocyte generation in vanishing white matter leukodystrophy. Dietrich, J., Lacagnina, M., Gass, D., Richfield, E., Mayer-Pröschel, M., Noble, M., Torres, C., Pröschel, C. Nat. Med. (2005) [Pubmed]
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  36. Synergistic signaling in fetal brain by STAT3-Smad1 complex bridged by p300. Nakashima, K., Yanagisawa, M., Arakawa, H., Kimura, N., Hisatsune, T., Kawabata, M., Miyazono, K., Taga, T. Science (1999) [Pubmed]
  37. A constitutively active epidermal growth factor receptor cooperates with disruption of G1 cell-cycle arrest pathways to induce glioma-like lesions in mice. Holland, E.C., Hively, W.P., DePinho, R.A., Varmus, H.E. Genes Dev. (1998) [Pubmed]
  38. BAFF is produced by astrocytes and up-regulated in multiple sclerosis lesions and primary central nervous system lymphoma. Krumbholz, M., Theil, D., Derfuss, T., Rosenwald, A., Schrader, F., Monoranu, C.M., Kalled, S.L., Hess, D.M., Serafini, B., Aloisi, F., Wekerle, H., Hohlfeld, R., Meinl, E. J. Exp. Med. (2005) [Pubmed]
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