Disease relevance of Sciatic Nerve

• To investigate the role of PA for the genesis of diabetic neuropathy, the levels of PA in the sciatic nerve of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for PA [1].
• Histological analysis showed that the sciatic nerve of Ndrg1-deficient mice degenerated with demyelination at about 5 weeks of age [2].
• Activation of ErbB2 during wallerian degeneration of sciatic nerve [3].
• The in vivo demyelinating capacity of sera from 27 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and 47 other individuals was studied by intraneural injection into rat sciatic nerves [4].
• Peripheral nerve pathological findings in familial amyloid polyneuropathy: a correlative study of proximal sciatic nerve and sural nerve lesions [5].

Psychiatry related information on Sciatic Nerve

• In addition, transplants can restore normal pain thresholds in rodent models of chronic pain (formalin, adjuvant-induced arthritis, and sciatic-nerve tie) which closely similate the pathologies of human chronic pain conditions [6].
• Open-field behavior and quantitative neurological assessments of proprioception, motor function, and nociception were tested in 15 trained rats after injection near the sciatic nerve of 0.1 ml veratridine at 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mM each plus epinephrine (1:200,000) [7].
• DISCUSSION: The potency of S(-) bupivacaine to block the motor activity in the sciatic nerve was enhanced when 25% of the S(-) isomer was replaced by the antipode R(+) bupivacaine [8].
• Modeling of neurogenic pain syndrome by sciatic nerve transection in rats with pronounced dopamine-deficiency-dependent 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6,-tetrahydropyridine-induced experimental depressive syndrome forms a stable state of combined pain and depression, which can be considered as a model of the pain-depressive syndrome [9].
• Glutamic acid levels were investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum of patients with schizophrenia, Huntington's chorea, and sciatic nerve compression by lumbar disc protrusion [10].

High impact information on Sciatic Nerve

• Using recombinant fragments of LN-alpha2 (rLN-alpha2), the M. leprae-binding site was localized to the G domain. rLN-alpha2G mediated M. leprae binding to cell lines and to sciatic nerves of dystrophic dy/dy mice lacking LN-alpha2, but expressing laminin receptors [11].
• In control sciatic nerves with grafted Trembler nerve segments, these changes were spatially restricted: they were confined to axon segments without normal myelination [12].
• Daily administration of progesterone elevated the steady-state levels of Pmp22 and Mpz mRNA in the sciatic nerve, resulting in enhanced Schwann cell pathology and a more progressive clinical neuropathy [13].
• Although CNTF is abundant in adult sciatic nerve, the mature protein lacks a signal sequence and is not secreted; therefore, it has been proposed to act as a lesion factor [14].
• Here we report that after lesion of the rat sciatic nerve there is a large transient increase in the amount of GDN messenger RNA and of released GDN [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sciatic Nerve

• In diabetic rats with severe hyperglycemia, oral sorbinil (5 mg/kg) dramatically reduced (80-90%) sorbitol levels in tissues without affecting blood glucose; the RBC dose-response curve was similar to that in lens and sciatic nerve [16].
• The vulnerability of diabetic nerve to ischemia was assessed by ligating arteries of supply of rat sciatic nerve after 20 wk of streptozocin-induced diabetes [17].
• To address the problem of the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, rats were made diabetic by alloxan administration, and sciatic nerves were sampled for electrolyte and water content and levels of selected carbohydrates and intermediates in energy metabolism at 3, 6, and 26 weeks [18].
• To assess neurogenic inflammation, the epineurial plexus of the sciatic nerve was exposed to topical capsaicin, an agent that releases vasoactive neuropeptides from perivascular afferent terminals [19].
• CP-166,572 treatment did not produce neuroaxonal dystrophy in control animals despite the fact that sciatic nerve sorbitol levels were markedly increased, reaching the same levels as untreated diabetic animals [20].

Biological context of Sciatic Nerve

• Vigorous insulin replacement in chronically diabetic BB rats essentially normalized both the sural nerve fiber caliber spectrum and the decreased sciatic nerve myo-inositol and (Na,K)-ATPase levels generally associated with conduction slowing in diabetic animals; yet, nerve conduction was only partially restored toward normal [21].
• The localization of the neural cell adhesion molecules L1, N-CAM, and the myelin-associated glycoprotein was studied by pre- and postembedding staining procedures at the light and electron microscopic levels in transected and crushed adult mouse sciatic nerve [22].
• A cDNA clone containing the entire coding region of rat apolipoprotein D (Apo D) was isolated from a cDNA library of regenerating sciatic nerve by differential hybridization [23].
• Upon transection of the sciatic nerve, there was up-regulation of IGF-II mRNA content in muscle [24].
• Ultrastructural exploration of sciatic nerves of LMNA null (i.e., -/-) mice was performed and revealed a strong reduction of axon density, axonal enlargement, and the presence of nonmyelinated axons, all of which were highly similar to the phenotypes of human peripheral axonopathies [25].

Anatomical context of Sciatic Nerve

• Adipsin: a circulating serine protease homolog secreted by adipose tissue and sciatic nerve [26].
• Therefore, the effects of insulin and elevated medium glucose concentration of 2-[3H]myo-inositol uptake were studied in a metabolically-defined in vitro peripheral nerve tissue preparation derived from rabbit sciatic nerve, whose free myo-inositol content is reduced by experimental diabetes [27].
• Persephin also supports the survival of motor neurons in culture and in vivo after sciatic nerve axotomy and, like GDNF, promotes ureteric bud branching [28].
• In the present report, we distinguish between ankyrinRo and other ankyrinR isoforms using immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence localization of ankyrinsR throughout the nervous system (forebrain, cerebellum, brain stem, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve) of nb/nb and normal mice [29].
• In Schwann cells ensheathing the sciatic nerve, only trkB mRNA encoding truncated TrkB receptors was detected with reduced levels in the distal part of the lesioned nerve [30].

Associations of Sciatic Nerve with chemical compounds

• ATPase activity was measured enzymatically in sciatic nerve homogenates from 4-wk streptozocin diabetic rats and age-matched controls either fed a standard or 1% myo-inositol supplemented diet [31].
• A role for apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein A-I, and low density lipoprotein receptors in cholesterol transport during regeneration and remyelination of the rat sciatic nerve [32].
• A 20% reduction in sciatic nerve motor conduction velocity after 2 mo diabetes was 90% ameliorated by 2 wk of treatment with deferoxamine or trientine [33].
• We have purified a glycoprotein from chicken sciatic nerves, sciatin, which has pronounced trophic effects on avian skeletal muscle cells in culture [34].
• Autoradiographic investigations were undertaken to elucidate the pattern of movement of radioactive choline-labeled phospholipids, predominantly lecithin, into the myelin sheaths of the sciatic nerve [35].

Gene context of Sciatic Nerve

• Pax3 RNA and SC markers were monitored in sciatic nerves of mice during development and nerve repair [36].
• A marked increase of BDNF and NT-4 mRNAs in the distal segment of the sciatic nerve was seen 2 wk after the lesion [30].
• Here we show that migration of Schwann cells, isolated from sciatic nerves, is significantly enhanced by neurotrophin 3, but not by nerve growth factor or brain-derived neurotrophic factor [37].
• Lesion of the sciatic nerve caused a rapid increase in c-fos and c-jun mRNA that was followed about 2 hr later by an increase in nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA [38].
• In Trembler-J (Tr-J) sciatic nerves, prolonged association of mutant PMP-22 with CNX is found (t(1/2) > 60 min) [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sciatic Nerve

• Schwann cells from early postnatal mouse sciatic nerve were obtained as a homogenous population and shown by indirect immunofluorescence to express the neural cell adhesion molecules L1, N-CAM and J1 and their common carbohydrate epitope L2/HNK-1 [40].
• Image analysis demonstrates that PC-12 cells and primary chicken sciatic nerve explants attached and extended neurites equally well on both PP films and tissue culture polystyrene in the absence of electrical stimulation [41].
• Although the murine Gja12 ortholog is not expressed in sciatic nerve, we did detect GJA12 transcripts in human sciatic and sural nerve tissue by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [42].
• By 10-12 hr in both the ligated sciatic nerve and the lesioned fimbria-fornix, accumulated NGF receptor was detected proximal and distal to the ligation/lesion site [43].
• Satellite glial cells and other unidentified cells in lumbar DRG were shown by thymidine radioautography to proliferate after sciatic nerve transection or injection of C. parvum into the ganglia [44].

References