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Gene Review

SUM1  -  Sum1p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: D9740.19, SUM1-1 protein, Suppressor of mar1-1 protein, YDR310C
 
 
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High impact information on SUM1

  • The DAL cluster is located in a domain of modified chromatin involving both H2A.Z histone exchange and Hst1-Sum1-mediated histone deacetylation, and it may be a coadapted gene complex formed by epistatic selection [1].
  • These data suggest that Sum1 levels are regulated by the checkpoint and that progression of the meiotic divisions and spore differentiation can be differentially controlled by competition of the Sum1 repressor and Ndt80 activator for occupancy at key middle promoters [2].
  • NDT80 is regulated during mitosis by both the Sum1 and Ume6 repressors [3].
  • Genetic evidence further supported a functional link between NatA and ORC: (i) nat1Delta was synthetically lethal with orc2-1 and (ii) the synthetic lethality between nat1Delta and SUM1-1 required the Orc1 N terminus [4].
  • Rfm1 interacts with both Sum1 and Hst1 and is required for the Sum1-Hst1 interaction [5].
 

Biological context of SUM1

 

Enzymatic interactions of SUM1

  • Here we show that Ime2 phosphorylates Sum1, a repressor of meiotic gene transcription, on Thr-306 [9].
 

Regulatory relationships of SUM1

  • Repression was not specific to the genes normally present at HMR, since the TRP1 gene placed at HMR was repressed by SUM1-1 in a sir3 strain [10].
 

Other interactions of SUM1

  • These results suggest that progression through sporulation may be controlled by the regulated competition between the Sum1 repressor and Ndt80 activator at key MSEs [3].
  • SUM1 and HST1, genes previously associated with transcriptional silencing, are required for MSE-mediated repression [3].
  • Our study shows that dmc1/dmc1 sum1/sum1 cells expressed MSGs prematurely and at high levels, entered the meiotic divisions efficiently, and in some cases formed asci containing mature spores [11].
  • As assayed genetically, sum1-1 is capable of restoring repression of silent mating-type information in cells containing mar1 or mar2 null mutations [12].
  • We propose that a decrease in the efficiency of Sum1-mediated repression as cells progress through the early events of the sporulation program allows the previously inactive Ime1 tethered at the URS1(NDT80) sites to promote a low level of expression of the NDT80 gene [13].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SUM1

References

  1. Birth of a metabolic gene cluster in yeast by adaptive gene relocation. Wong, S., Wolfe, K.H. Nat. Genet. (2005) [Pubmed]
  2. The pachytene checkpoint in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the Sum1 transcriptional repressor. Lindgren, A., Bungard, D., Pierce, M., Xie, J., Vershon, A., Winter, E. EMBO J. (2000) [Pubmed]
  3. Sum1 and Hst1 repress middle sporulation-specific gene expression during mitosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Xie, J., Pierce, M., Gailus-Durner, V., Wagner, M., Winter, E., Vershon, A.K. EMBO J. (1999) [Pubmed]
  4. Dependence of ORC silencing function on NatA-mediated Nalpha acetylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Geissenhöner, A., Weise, C., Ehrenhofer-Murray, A.E. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  5. Rfm1, a novel tethering factor required to recruit the Hst1 histone deacetylase for repression of middle sporulation genes. McCord, R., Pierce, M., Xie, J., Wonkatal, S., Mickel, C., Vershon, A.K. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  6. SUM1, an apparent positive regulator of the cryptic mating-type loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Klar, A.J., Kakar, S.N., Ivy, J.M., Hicks, J.B., Livi, G.P., Miglio, L.M. Genetics (1985) [Pubmed]
  7. MGA2 and SPT23 are modifiers of transcriptional silencing in yeast. Dula, M.L., Holmes, S.G. Genetics (2000) [Pubmed]
  8. Inference of combinatorial regulation in yeast transcriptional networks: a case study of sporulation. Wang, W., Cherry, J.M., Nochomovitz, Y., Jolly, E., Botstein, D., Li, H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2005) [Pubmed]
  9. Arg-Pro-X-Ser/Thr Is a Consensus Phosphoacceptor Sequence for the Meiosis-Specific Ime2 Protein Kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moore, M., Shin, M.E., Bruning, A., Schindler, K., Vershon, A., Winter, E. Biochemistry (2007) [Pubmed]
  10. SUM1-1: a suppressor of silencing defects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Laurenson, P., Rine, J. Genetics (1991) [Pubmed]
  11. Role of Ndt80, Sum1, and Swe1 as targets of the meiotic recombination checkpoint that control exit from pachytene and spore formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pak, J., Segall, J. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  12. The sum1-1 mutation affects silent mating-type gene transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Livi, G.P., Hicks, J.B., Klar, A.J. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1990) [Pubmed]
  13. Regulation of the premiddle and middle phases of expression of the NDT80 gene during sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pak, J., Segall, J. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2002) [Pubmed]
 
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