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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Diploidy

 
 
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Disease relevance of Diploidy

 

High impact information on Diploidy

  • Epigenetic silencing of FLO11 regulates a key developmental switch: when FLO11 is expressed, diploid cells form pseudohyphal filaments; when FLO11 is silent, the cells grow in yeast form [6].
  • These results demonstrate a role for the region 3' to Xist exon 6 in the counting process and suggest that counting is mediated by a repressive mechanism which prevents inactivation of a single X chromosome in diploid cells [7].
  • The lines, mainly of erythroid or myelomonocytic origin, were diploid but highly tumorigenic from their inception [8].
  • Cells retaining one wild-type p53 allele mimicked the behavior of primary diploid cells: they arrested growth in the presence of drug and failed to demonstrate amplification [9].
  • They also have found a meiotic level of message in temperature-sensitive cdc25 diploids shifted to high temperature in rich medium (Simchen and Kassir, 1989) [10].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Diploidy

 

Biological context of Diploidy

  • GPA1 transcript was found in haploid cells but was not detected in diploid cells [16].
  • Unlike the wild-type diploid cells, the cyr1 and CYR3 homozygous diploid cells were capable of initiating meiosis even in nutrient growth media [17].
  • A smaller subfragment, when used to direct integration of a plasmid to the benomyl resistance locus in a diploid cell, disrupted one of the beta-tubulin genes and concomitantly created a recessive lethal mutation, indicating that the single beta-tubulin gene of yeast has an essential function [18].
  • Antibody response to preexposure human diploid-cell rabies vaccine given concurrently with chloroquine [19].
  • The use of the polymerase chain reaction for analysing DNA sequences in individual diploid cells and human sperm shows that two genetic loci can be co-amplified from a single sperm, which may allow the analysis of previously inaccessible genetic phenomena [20].
 

Anatomical context of Diploidy

 

Associations of Diploidy with chemical compounds

  • Of 17 evaluable patients with unresectable hyperdiploid tumors, 15 had complete responses and two had partial responses to cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin; six others with diploid tumors did not respond (P = 0.00001) [26].
  • Deletion of the diploid dihydrofolate reductase locus from cultured mammalian cells [27].
  • To facilitate studies of folate metabolism and chemotherapy the sole dhfr-ts copy in a heterozygous deletion line was replaced, yielding lines that were functionally DHFR-TS-. Although most genes are diploid in trypanosomatids, methods exploiting the high frequency of homologous recombination should permit complete replacement of any parasite gene [28].
  • Here it was shown that in diploids some of the same kinases and STE12 are required for filamentous growth, but the pheromone receptors and guanosine triphosphate-binding protein are not required for filament formation [29].
  • Polyinosinic.polycytidylic acid [poly(I.C)] induced production of interferon by a strain of diploid human fibroblasts (FS-4), measured between 5 and 24 hours from induction, is enhanced up to 128-fold by 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB), a reversible inhibitor of nuclear heterogeneous RNA synthesis [30].
 

Gene context of Diploidy

  • Starvation for nitrogen further induced (6- to 8-fold) transcription of IME1, but, as expected, the induction was found only in MATa/MAT alpha or rme1-1/rme1-1 diploids [31].
  • However, ras1 - ras2 - spores of doubly heterozygous diploids are incapable of resuming vegetative growth [32].
  • Control of the initiation of meiosis was examined in diploids of yeast homozygous for two temperature-sensitive mutations, cyr1 and CYR3, which are defective in adenylate cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase, respectively [17].
  • Furthermore, ubi4/ubi4 diploids are sporulation-defective. ubi4 mutants are also hypersensitive to high temperatures, starvation, and amino acid analogs [33].
  • We also studied the sporulation products of a diploid heterozygous at the HIS4 locus for an insertion of a 100 bp fragment of MATa containing the HO endonuclease cut site [34].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Diploidy

References

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