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Gene Review:

ZRC1 - Zn(2+) transporter ZRC1

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: YM9408.05C, YMR243C, Zinc/cadmium resistance protein

MacDiarmid, C.W. et al., Conklin, D.S. et al., Dräger, D.B. et al., MacDiarmid, C.W. et al., MacDiarmid, C.W. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of ZRC1

The COT1 and ZRC1 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are structurally related dosage-dependent suppressors of metal toxicity [1].
A novel member of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein family, an A. halleri metal tolerance protein 1 (MTP1), and the homologous A. thaliana Zn transporter (ZAT)/AtMTP1 metal-specifically complement the zinc hypersensitivity of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae zrc1 cot1 mutant strain [2].

High impact information on ZRC1

We also show that the vacuolar CDF proteins Zrc1 and Cot1 are other pathways of ER zinc acquisition [3].
Surprisingly, transcription of ZRC1 is induced in zinc-limited cells by the zinc-responsive transcription factor Zap1 [4].
We show here that this increase in ZRC1 expression is a novel mechanism of zinc homeostasis and stress tolerance [4].
Experiments using the zinc-responsive fluorophore FuraZin-1 as an indicator of vacuolar zinc levels indicated that Zrc1 is required for the rapid transport of zinc into the vacuole during zinc shock [4].
Both Zrc1-dependent and independent activities showed a high specificity for Zn(2+) over other physiologically relevant substrates such as Ca2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ [5].

Biological context of ZRC1

Mutations in the GRR1 gene have no effect on the cobalt-related phenotypes of strains that have altered gene dosage of either COT1 or ZRC1 [1].
The two genes are not linked and have been mapped; COT1 to chromosome XV and ZRC1 to chromosome XIII [1].

Anatomical context of ZRC1

Zinc-replete cells accumulate zinc in the vacuole via the Zrc1p and Cot1p transporters [6].
The Zrc1 is involved in zinc transport system between vacuole and cytosol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [7].

Associations of ZRC1 with chemical compounds

The COT1 protein shares 60% identity with the ZRC1 gene product, which confers resistance to zinc and cadmium ions [8].

Other interactions of ZRC1

Multiple copies of transition metal transporter resistance genes, such as COT1 or ZRC1, do not reduce the metal sensitivity of fet3 mutations [9].

References

Interactions between gene products involved in divalent cation transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Conklin, D.S., Culbertson, M.R., Kung, C. Mol. Gen. Genet. (1994) [Pubmed]
Two genes encoding Arabidopsis halleri MTP1 metal transport proteins co-segregate with zinc tolerance and account for high MTP1 transcript levels. Dräger, D.B., Desbrosses-Fonrouge, A.G., Krach, C., Chardonnens, A.N., Meyer, R.C., Saumitou-Laprade, P., Krämer, U. Plant J. (2004) [Pubmed]
Zinc and the Msc2 zinc transporter protein are required for endoplasmic reticulum function. Ellis, C.D., Wang, F., MacDiarmid, C.W., Clark, S., Lyons, T., Eide, D.J. J. Cell Biol. (2004) [Pubmed]
Induction of the ZRC1 metal tolerance gene in zinc-limited yeast confers resistance to zinc shock. MacDiarmid, C.W., Milanick, M.A., Eide, D.J. J. Biol. Chem. (2003) [Pubmed]
Biochemical properties of vacuolar zinc transport systems of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MacDiarmid, C.W., Milanick, M.A., Eide, D.J. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
Zinc transporters that regulate vacuolar zinc storage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MacDiarmid, C.W., Gaither, L.A., Eide, D. EMBO J. (2000) [Pubmed]
The Zrc1 is involved in zinc transport system between vacuole and cytosol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Miyabe, S., Izawa, S., Inoue, Y. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2001) [Pubmed]
COT1, a gene involved in cobalt accumulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Conklin, D.S., McMaster, J.A., Culbertson, M.R., Kung, C. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1992) [Pubmed]
Defects in the yeast high affinity iron transport system result in increased metal sensitivity because of the increased expression of transporters with a broad transition metal specificity. Li, L., Kaplan, J. J. Biol. Chem. (1998) [Pubmed]

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