Disease relevance of glmS

• Insertion of transposon Tn7 into the Escherichia coli glmS transcriptional terminator [1].
• Transducing phages carrying parts of the unc gene cluster were isolated: lambda uncA-9 and lambda glmS phages converted only some of the unc- mutants to the Unc+, as determined by complementation assays [2].
• It was demonstrated that the class 2 integron was located in the Tn7 region inside the attTn7 locus downstream of glmS in Shigella [3].

High impact information on glmS

• By deletion analysis of M13mp::attTn7, we show that attTn7 is contained within a 64 base-pair region; sequences adjacent to the actual insertion site and encoding the carboxy terminus of the glmS gene are required [4].
• The gene, which we called glmR, is located between the glmS (PA5549) and glmU (PA5552) homologues of E. coli, responsible for the synthesis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-P, a precursor of both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan [5].
• We showed that GlmR represses the transcription of the adjacent glmS homologue (PA5549) in P. aeruginosa, possibly affecting the pool of precursors for peptidoglycan and LPS synthesis [5].
• This unique site is within a region of dyad symmetry that we have demonstrated to be the transcriptional terminator of the glmS gene which encodes the glutamine amidotransferase, glucosamine synthetase [1].
• Hairpin loop structures resembling known rho-independent transcription termination signals are evident following the unc operon and glmS [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of glmS

• NodM exhibits homology to amidotransferases, primarily to the D-glucosamine synthetase encoded by the glmS gene of Escherichia coli [7].
• Cell-free extracts of E. coli carrying the glmS gene showed glutamate mutase activity which was strictly dependent on the addition of coenzyme B12 and component E purified from C. cochlearium [8].

Biological context of glmS

• Transposition of Tn7 abolishes termination of glmS transcription at this site; the transcripts now extend into the left end of Tn7 and terminate at a new site, tm, 127 base pairs from the left end of Tn7 [1].
• This plasmid complements the glmS mutation [9].
• The gene encoding component S (glmS) was cloned in Escherichia coli and its nucleotide sequence was determined [8].
• The complete gene cluster was sequenced in strain 789 (lpf789), where it is located between the genes glmS and pstS, and contains four ORFs, lpfA to lpfD [10].

Associations of glmS with chemical compounds

• The glmS gene encoding the amidotransferase, glucosamine synthetase, has been identified by homology with glutamine 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase [6].

Other interactions of glmS

• This APEC fimbrial gene cluster, which we have termed stg, is a member of a distinct group of related fimbriae that are located in the glmS-pstS intergenic region of certain E. coli and S. enterica strains [11].
• The nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence showed very strong identities to the sequence of the glmS (also called mutS) gene (80%) and to component S (82%) from the related C. tetanomorphum, respectively [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of glmS

• The E. coli glmS gene was improved through error-prone polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in order to develop microbial strains for fermentation production of glucosamine [12].

References