Disease relevance of Microsporidiosis

• Trial of oral fumagillin for the treatment of intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with HIV infection. ANRS 054 Study Group. Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA [1].
• Urethritis associated with disseminated microsporidiosis: clinical response to albendazole [2].
• The need for an effective compound for the prevention and treatment of cryptosporidiosis in humans and animals has led to the testing of benzimidazoles based on reports that albendazole was clinically effective against related protozoan parasites causing microsporidiosis in humans [3].
• Once the anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, anti-TNF-alpha and anti-angiogenic properties of thalidomide were discovered, it was also tried in AIDS and related wasting, apthous ulcers, microsporidiosis and Kaposi's sarcoma [4].

High impact information on Microsporidiosis

• Thalidomide: a novel therapy for microsporidiosis [5].
• Fecal tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is elevated in microsporidiosis; therefore, thalidomide, an anti-TNF-alpha agent, was used as therapy [5].
• Light microscopic diagnosis of human microsporidiosis and variable response to octreotide [6].
• Nodular cutaneous microsporidiosis in a patient with AIDS and successful treatment with long-term oral clindamycin therapy [7].
• DESIGN: A retrospective review of a cohort of AIDS patients with symptomatic intestinal microsporidiosis who received atovaquone [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Microsporidiosis

• Treatment of intestinal microsporidiosis with albendazole in patients with AIDS [9].
• Our study allowed the identification of oral fumagillin as a potential treatment for intestinal microsporidiosis due to E. bieneusi [10].
• Intestinal microsporidiosis appears to be a frequent cause of unexplained chronic diarrhea in patients with AIDS and is associated with diminished D-xylose absorption [11].
• This suggests that nitazoxanide may be effective in treating microsporidiosis caused by E. bieneusi, a disease for which there is no established treatment [12].
• Role of P glycoprotein in the course and treatment of Encephalitozoon microsporidiosis [13].

Biological context of Microsporidiosis

• Patients with intestinal microsporidiosis had significantly lower mean Karnofsky scores (69.4 vs. 85.5, P = .009), CD4 cell counts (18.6 vs. 209.8/microL, P = .02), and D-xylose absorption tests (0.13 vs. 0.36 g/L, P < .001) than did patients without intestinal microsporidiosis [11].

Anatomical context of Microsporidiosis

• CONCLUSION--The clinical response to albendazole treatment seen in some patients with small intestine microsporidiosis may be due to damage to the developmental stages, causing a partial inhibition of parasite reproduction [14].

Gene context of Microsporidiosis

• Experimental model for human intestinal microsporidiosis in interferon gamma receptor knockout mice infected by Encephalitozoon intestinalis [15].
• Interferon gamma receptor knockout mice developed a chronic infection when inoculated with spores of Encephalitozoon intestinalis which is a cause of intestinal microsporidiosis in AIDS patients [15].
• Microsporidiosis in patients with relatively preserved CD4 counts [16].
• We studied microsporidiosis in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients in 2 Lima hospitals [17].
• In summary, intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection and < or = 200/mm3 CD4 cells is associated with male homosexuality and swimming in pools, suggesting fecal-oral transmission, including sexual and waterborne routes [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Microsporidiosis

• Potential efficacy of fumagillin in intestinal microsporidiosis due to Enterocytozoon bieneusi in patients with HIV infection: results of a drug screening study. The French Microsporidiosis Study Group [10].

References