Disease relevance of Rumen

• Four strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, transformed with a gene encoding fluoroacetate dehalogenase, maintained a combined population of 10(6) to 10(7) cells ml-1 in the rumens of test sheep [1].
• Phenol-water extraction of Megasphaera elsdenii, a predominant gram-negative coccus in rumens of cattle fed high-grain diets, yielded material that exhibited typical characteristics of endotoxin [2].

High impact information on Rumen

• Monensin-resistant bacteria in the rumens of calves on monensin-containing and unmedicated diets [3].
• The histamine producing bacteria could not be isolated from the rumens of cattle fed hay; however, histamine producing bacteria could be isolated the feces of cattle fed grain and the cecum of a horse [4].
• In model rumens, B. thetaiotaomicron BTX increased fiber digestion when added to mixed ruminal microbes, independent of chondroitin sulfate addition; but further study is needed to determine effects on other fiber-digesting bacteria [5].
• The effect of ruminal flora on the disposition of benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs was studied in dual-flow continuous-culture fermenters (artificial rumens) [6].
• Ruminal pH was lower and both D- and L-lactate concentrations were greater in the rumens of calves fed the 81% TDN diets [7].

Anatomical context of Rumen

• Palmitate oxidation to 14CO2 by rumen epithelial cells isolated from the rumens of mature sheep was linear during the course of a 2-h incubation (11.1 nmoles.million cells-1.2 h-1) and 3.6 times the rate of palmitate oxidation by cells isolated from neonatal rumen (3.1 nmoles.million cells-1.min-1) [8].

Associations of Rumen with chemical compounds

• These data indicate that supplemental Cr, as chromium-L-methionine, increased glucose clearance rate after an insulin infusion and increased the insulin response to an intravenous glucose challenge in growing calves with functioning rumens [9].
• Free [Me-14C]choline is very rapidly cleared from rumen fluid, a little being incorporated into the phosphatidylcholine of protozoa, but the clearance also occurs in animals with defaunated rumens [10].
• Levels of butyrate, lactate and succinate in the rumens of feedlot cattle were high enough to provide toxic doses of these anions [11].

References