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Cutolo, M. et al.

Maurizio Cutolo, Stefano Soldano, Paola Montagna, Alberto Sulli, Bruno Seriolo, Barbara Villaggio, Pierfranco Triolo, Paolo Clerico, Lamberto Felli, Renata Brizzolara,

CTLA4-Ig interacts with cultured synovial macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients and downregulates cytokine production.

INTRODUCTION: Co-stimulatory signal B7(CD80/CD86):CD28 is needed in order to activate T cells in immune response. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4-immunoglobulin (CTLA4-Ig) binding to the B7 molecules on antigen-presenting cells downregulates this activation and represents a recent biological treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objectives of the study were to investigate the presence of the B7.2 (CD86) molecule and its masking by CTLA4-Ig on cultures of both RA synovial macrophages (RA SM), and of macrophages differentiated from THP-1 cells (M). In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of CTLA4-Ig on co-cultures of RA SM and M with activated T cells were tested. METHODS: All macrophages were co-cultured for 24 hours with activated T cells, without or with CTLA4-Ig (10, 100, 500 microg/ml for 1 hour, 3 hours and overnight, respectively). Immunofluorescence (IF) staining for B7.2, and an analysis of inflammatory cytokine expression (interleukin (IL) -6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, IL-1beta, transforming growth factor (TGF) beta) by immunocytochemistry (ICC), western blot (WB) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed. RESULTS: Macrophages showed intense B7.2 expression. CTLA4-Ig/B7.2 masking was evident for all macrophages, even after only 1 hour of cell culture (range from 10 to 100 microg/ml). ICC of co-cultures showed a dose-dependent decrease in inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001 for IL-6, TNFalpha, IL-1beta and TGFbeta). Data were confirmed by WB and RT-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal concentrations of CTLA4-Ig for the CTLA4-Ig/B7.2 masking on activated macrophages were identified and were found to induce significant downregulation in the cell production of IL-6, TNFalpha, IL1-beta and TGFbeta. In conclusion, macrophages would appear to be a sensitive target for CTLA4-Ig treatment in RA.[1]

References

CTLA4-Ig interacts with cultured synovial macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients and downregulates cytokine production. Cutolo, M., Soldano, S., Montagna, P., Sulli, A., Seriolo, B., Villaggio, B., Triolo, P., Clerico, P., Felli, L., Brizzolara, R. Arthritis Res. Ther. (2009) [Pubmed]

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