Disease relevance of Maruzen M

• The purification and characterization of 4-ethylphenol methylenehydroxylase, a flavocytochrome from Pseudomonas putida JD1 [1].
• In this study, we investigated whether biochanin A, a phytoestrogen and its metabolites, genistein, p-ethylphenol and phenolic acid, affect production of IL-4, a pro-inflammatory cytokine closely associated with allergic immune responses, in primary CD4(+) T cells and EL4 T lymphoma cells [2].
• In contrast, many low-frequency bands resulting from the characteristic motions (e.g., the C-C(2)H(5) torsion and C-C(2)H(5) and C-OH bending vibrations) appear in the MATI spectra of p-ethylphenol [3].

High impact information on Maruzen M

• Among these reactions is the stereospecific hydroxylation of 4-ethylphenol-forming (R)-1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol [4].
• Alkylphenol biotransformations catalyzed by 4-ethylphenol methylenehydroxylase [5].
• These results demonstrate, for the first time, that biochanin A, genistein and p-ethylphenol enhance IL-4 production in activated T cells by two independent pathways, PI3-K/PKC/NF-AT and PKC/p38 MAPK/AP-1 [2].
• Extrapolating from this, it was demonstrated that phenols with large 4-substituents, which were not UGT1A6 substrates, could inhibit 4-ethylphenol glucuronidation [6].
• When MPS-Cl was applied to the determination of urinary phenol and p-cresol by HPLC using p-ethylphenol as an internal standard, the derivatives were separated at retention times of 6.3, 8.7, and 12.3 min, respectively, under the HPLC conditions described above [7].

Biological context of Maruzen M

• Monodisperse poly(p-hydroxystyrene) is successfully prepared by grafting the p-acetoxystyrene monomer during the last 30 min of the fabrication of polystyrene bead core by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization followed by hydrolysis of the acetoxy group by a base [8].
• Newborn rat studies were conducted with oral administration of 3-ethylphenol (3EP) and 4-ethylphenol (4EP) on postnatal days (PND) 4-21 to allow comparison of no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and unequivocally toxic level (UETL) with those from 28-day studies of young rats starting at 5-6 weeks of age [9].

Anatomical context of Maruzen M

• Antibacterial (geraniol and lidocaine) and antiplatelet reference compounds (4-ethylphenol and benzyl alcohol) concentration-dependently fluidized membranes, while not showing biphasic effects [10].

Associations of Maruzen M with other chemical compounds

• 2,3,5,6-[2H4]-4-Ethylphenol (d4-4-ethylphenol) was synthesised for use as an internal standard in a new, rapid and accurate analytical method, employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the concentration of the important aroma compounds 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol in red wine [11].
• The extent of bioregeneration of powdered activated carbon (PAC) as an adsorbent loaded with phenol, p-methylphenol, p-ethylphenol and p-isopropylphenol, respectively, in the simultaneous adsorption and biodegradation processes were quantitatively determined using oxygen uptake as a measure of substrate consumption [12].
• The enzyme catalyzed the enantioselective hydroxylation of p-alkylphenols. p-Ethylphenol and p-propylphenol were converted to S-(-)-p-(1-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol and S-(-)-p(1-hydroxyphenyl)propanol, respectively [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Maruzen M

• Although 4-ethylphenol was discovered in all oils intended for refining, its presence was particularly significant in "second centrifugation olive oils", its concentration increasing with time of olive paste storage [14].
• A new high-performance liquid chromatography method using a coulometric array detector to simultaneously analyse 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-vinylphenol, and 4-vinylguaiacol in wine was established [15].

References