Disease relevance of deoxycytidine

• Consistent with this result, coincubation with dGuo spared the dFdGuo-mediated toxicity; however, addition of up to 10 mM dCyd did not reverse the toxicity of dFdGuo [1].
• Compound S2242 was not preferentially phosphorylated in herpes simplex virus 1-, varicella-zoster virus-, or human herpesvirus type 6-infected cells (Vero, human embryonic lung, and HSB-2 cells, respectively), and exogenously added dCyd reduced substantially the formation of S2242 metabolites in these cells [2].
• Biochemical analysis of the substrate specificity and sequence preference of endonuclease IV from bacteriophage T4, a dC-specific endonuclease implicated in restriction of dC-substituted T4 DNA synthesis [3].

High impact information on deoxycytidine

• Wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cells and a mutant line deficient in deoxycytidine (dCyd) kinase were similarly affected by dFdGuo (50% inhibitory concentration, 7.5 and 6.5 microM, respectively), suggesting that unlike gemcitabine, dCyd kinase was not responsible for activation of dFdGuo [1].
• The data showed that while dI and dP did form base pairs with dC and dG, respectively, dI did not form a stable base pair with dP [4].
• The activity of S2242 against herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and human herpesvirus type 6 was reversed by 50-100-fold on the addition of exogenous dCyd [2].
• Exogenously added dCyd had little effect on the activity of S2242 against HCMV and on the phosphorylation of the compound in HCMV-infected cells [2].
• Finally, dCyd production under normal culture conditions was at least 3- to 4-fold higher in HL-60 cells and was inhibited significantly by HU administration [5].

Biological context of deoxycytidine

• Its possible modes of action include deamination of an RNA transcript that encodes a molecule involved in these processes, deamination of the DNA encoding the variable regions of immunoglobulin genes, or deamination of monomeric cytidine or deoxycytidine (dC) nucleotide generating a mutagenic imbalanced nucleotide pool [6].

Anatomical context of deoxycytidine

• It was found that dCyd was transported 30 times more effectively into lymphocytes than into PMN and synaptosomes, while Urd was transported about the same rate into the two cells and into synaptosomes [7].
• The uptake and metabolism of dCyd was higher in undifferentiated germinal center lymphocytes and in follicles comparing to more differentiated cells [7].

Gene context of deoxycytidine

• Addition of dCyd removed the APur-induced inhibition of S-phase in both protocols [8].
• The dCyd and dThd was phosphorylated even at 0 degrees C up to TTP and dCTP without incorporation into DNA and into liponucleotides [7].

References