Disease relevance of Tektamer

• Methyldibromoglutaronitrile in rinse-off products causes allergic contact dermatitis: an experimental study [1].
• Contact allergy to methyldibromo glutaronitrile presenting as severe scalp seborrhoeic eczema [2].
• Post-coital contact dermatitis from methyldibromo glutaronitrile [3].
• Frequency of allergic reactions to methyldibromoglutaronitrile (1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane) in The Netherlands [4].
• This study aimed to investigate in methyldibromoglutaronitrile (MDBGN) allergic patients whether skin with previous allergic dermatitis from MDBGN showed an augmented response on re-exposure by both a patch test challenge and a use test with a liquid soap preserved with MDBGN [5].

High impact information on Tektamer

• Sulfhydryl-dependent biotransformation and macromolecular binding of 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane in blood [6].
• Metabolic and dispositional fate of 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane in the male fischer 344 Rat [7].
• Of the 766 patients with eczematous skin disease patch tested in 2003 at the Department of Dermatology, University Clinic Gentofte, 38 (4.9%) showed a positive reaction to methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN), and in an additional 2 patients, a doubtful positive patch test reaction was found to be of relevance [8].
• The significant relationship between hand eczema and MDBGN allergy is of concern, and the finding that wash-off products, especially liquid soaps, play a significant role in MDBGN allergy calls for a revision of the safety assessment of MDBGN in wash-off products [9].
• Testing with methyldibromoglutaronitrile at lower concentrations (0.05% and 0.1%) and with commercial allergens (Euxyl K 400 and methyldibromoglutaronitrile, both containing methyldibromoglutaronitrile 0.1%), resulted in a number of false-negative reactions [10].

Biological context of Tektamer

• In the year 2000, the level of methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDGN) allergy in dermatology clinics in Europe exceeded the level of allergies to all other preservatives, with a prevalence of 3.5% [11].

Associations of Tektamer with other chemical compounds

• Using a modified FCA (Freund's complete adjuvant) procedure, the sensitizing capacity of Euxyl K 400 and its ingredients, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane and 2-phenoxyethanol, has been studied in guinea pigs [12].
• Both had been promoted as hypoallergenic and 'preservative free'; chemical analysis using HPLC confirmed the presence of methyldibromoglutaronitrile and formaldehyde, both at robust concentrations [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Tektamer

• Determination of methyldibromoglutaronitrile in cosmetic products by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Method validation [14].
• Studies were conducted to characterize the absorption, disposition, metabolism, and excretion of 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane (BCB; methyldibromoglutaronitrile) following iv, oral, and topical administration to male Fischer 344 rats [7].
• BACKGROUND: Methyldibromoglutaronitrile (MDGN) is a component of Euxyl K400, a preservative used in many skin care products in Europe. MDGN has been used in skin care products in the United States for the last 5 years [15].
• 5% (110) had positive patch tests to MDBGN, with no difference between the sexes [9].
• Patch testing with methyldibromo glutaronitrile, a multicentre study within the EECDRG [16].

References