Disease relevance of Administration, Topical

• Immunotherapy with topical administration of 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene is the treatment of choice in selected patients with squamous or basal cell carcinoma [1].
• Systemic, local, or topical administration of Pep-1 inhibited the expression of contact hypersensitivity responses in mice by blocking skin-directed homing of inflammatory leukocytes [2].
• Expression of GM-CSF by the live attenuated recombinant virus did not per se affect the level of pulmonary viral replication in rhesus monkeys after topical administration, which was 40-fold lower than that of WT parainfluenza virus type 3 [3].
• We have tested the feasibility of pluronic F-127 gel (PLF-127; a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene surface active block copolymer) as a sustained release vehicle for topical administration of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in order to enhance the therapeutic effects of IL-2 against a rat fibrosarcoma, KMT-17 [4].
• Topical administration of a halofuginone-containing cream for 20 days to TSK mice, which spontaneously develop dermal fibrosis, greatly increased the phosphorylated form of c-Jun in the skin; this was followed by a decrease in skin thickness and type I collagen messenger RNA expression [5].

Psychiatry related information on Administration, Topical

• Duplex Doppler ultrasound assessment of clitoral hemodynamics after topical administration of alprostadil in women with arousal and orgasmic disorders [6].

High impact information on Administration, Topical

• The present studies show that topical administration of TGF-alpha or VGF in antibiotic cream to partial thickness burns (second degree) accelerated epidermal regeneration in comparison with untreated or vehicle-treated burns [7].
• GoH3 also reduced the accumulation of DCs in draining lymph nodes by a maximum of 70% after topical administration of the chemical allergen oxazolone [8].
• After topical administration of U66985 (1 microgram/ml), a putative PAF antagonist, responses to PAF were attenuated significantly, but responses to norepinephrine and U46619 were unchanged [9].
• Changes in arteriolar luminal diameters in response to topical administration of vasoactive agents were quantified with an image-shearing measuring eyepiece in conjunction with a television microscope and recorder [10].
• We have reported previously that topical administration of vascular endothelial growth factor165 (VEGF) to a microvascular bed supplied with a continuous endothelium can rapidly induce the formation of endothelial fenestrations (W. G. Roberts and G. E. Palade, J. Cell Sci., 108: 2369-2379, 1995) [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Administration, Topical

• Cidofovir is formally licensed for clinical use (intravenous administration for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients); however, it could also be formulated for topical administration, or for oral administration in prodrug form, i.e. as 1-O-hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir [12].
• Severe anaphylactic reaction to topical administration of framycetin [13].
• We have assessed the effect of topical administration of NFkappaB decoys in a bleomycin model of acute lung inflammation [14].
• The absorption of timolol after topical administration to the eye was studied in 11 healthy volunteers and in 5 patients with bilateral open angle glaucoma [15].
• In addition, topical administration of compound 1 to rats with vaginal candidiasis produced results comparable with those produced by similar administration of clotrimazole [16].

Biological context of Administration, Topical

• The raised nasal transepithelial potential difference (PD) in cystic fibrosis (CF) reflects accelerated active transport of Na+, and is inhibited by topical administration of the Na+ channel blocker, amiloride [17].
• RESULTS: Unilateral topical administration of 0.25% nipradilol solution lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) with relatively weak contralateral effects in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum reduction of 6 mm Hg and an effect duration of 6 hours [18].
• Most studies of zanamivir have involved topical administration by inhalation of dry powder aerosols and/or intranasal doses of aqueous solutions [19].
• Vasodilation of both small and large pial arterioles by topical administration of isoflurane and sevoflurane was significantly greater in the hypothermic group than in the normothermic group (p <.05) [20].
• The IOP, EVP, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) were measured at baseline, 1.5 hours after a single drop, and after 2-week, three-times-a-day topical administration of 0.25% verapamil or placebo to one eye [21].

Anatomical context of Administration, Topical

• Cytokine expression after the topical administration of substance P to human nasal mucosa. The role of substance P in nasal allergy [22].
• CONCLUSION: These results suggest that, if target tissue concentrations correlate directly with the degree of pain relief, patients with pain caused by dermal or subcutaneous tissue damage will have greater pain relief after topical administration of ibuprofen accompanied with less systemic side effects [23].
• However, topical administration of such doses of LTD4 did not promote albumin leakage into the aqueous humor or iris-ciliary body [24].
• After unilateral topical administration, dexmedetomidine (0.5 mg/ml, 25 microliters) lowered intraocular pressure bilaterally in normal rabbits and in rabbits with intraocular pressure elevated after laser irradiation of the pigmented trabecular band of the anterior chamber angle [25].
• Relative lack of systemic effects of mometasone furoate on Langerhans cells of mice after topical administration as compared with other glucocorticosteroids [26].

Associations of Administration, Topical with chemical compounds

• The oral cavities of 40 hamsters were swabbed three times weekly for 45 weeks with 20 mg of N-nitrosodiethanolamine; the total dose was the same as the highest doses given by s.c. or topical administration [27].
• Effects of oral versus topical administration of cyclosporine on phorbol ester promotion of murine epidermal carcinogenesis [28].
• The activity of dietary and topical administration of three retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR), as promoters of skin tumor induction in SENCAR mice was studied [29].
• The responses of male noninbred rat colonic epithelial ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) (ODC) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.50) (SAMD) activities following topical administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) or bile salts were studied [30].
• Diclofenac concentrations in defined tissue layers after topical administration [31].

Gene context of Administration, Topical

• In a mouse model of contact hypersensitivity, a single topical administration of a selective EGFR kinase blocker before antigen challenge results in a markedly enhanced immune response with increased chemokine expression and heavier inflammatory cell infiltrate [32].
• In a model of chronic dermal ulcers, topical administration of compound 7 for 6 days substantially inhibited MMP-3 ex vivo [33].
• Topical administration of HGF, as well as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), promoted the rate of wound closure and re-epithelialization [34].
• Due to their relatively low water solubility, some of the most active CA II inhibitors reported here have been formulated as aqueous suspension for topical administration as antiglaucoma agents. in normotensive and glaucomatous rabbits [35].
• In this study, we show that single, topical administration of human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF) in the rat cerebral cortex promotes capillary overgrowth and might mimic the angiogenic response observed after brain ischemia [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Administration, Topical

• Other control groups (eg, anterior chamber injection of sterile, deionized water; topical administration of sterile, deionized water; intrastromal injection of air; and intrastromal needle track), were less efficient in reactivating latent HSV-1 [37].
• The effect of timolol, propranolol, epinephrine, and isoproterenol on intraocular pressure (IOP) (measured by tonometry) were compared after topical administration in conscious rabbits [38].
• The topical administration of risedronate caused a significant and dose-dependent reduction of tooth movement after the orthodontic force was applied [39].
• In addition, topical administration of the 5-HT1B agonist M-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (2 x 10(-6) to 2 x 10(-4) M) produced opposite responses, i.e., dose-dependent vasodilation in TIA and control arterioles, and dose-dependent constriction in TFA [40].
• Before and following topical administration of histamine, regional coronary flow was determined using radioisotope-labeled microspheres [41].

References